A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the function of the large intestine.
Which of the following information should the nurse include?
It produces vitamin D.
It prevents the reflux of food into the esophagus.
It absorbs liquid to form stool.
It secretes enzymes to digest food.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice C rationale
The large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes from the remaining indigestible food matter, forming and eliminating solid waste (stool). This absorption process is vital for
maintaining the body's fluid and electrolyte balance.
Choice A rationale
The large intestine does not produce vitamin D; this occurs in the skin when exposed to sunlight. The large intestine’s primary functions are absorption and waste formation.
Choice B rationale
Preventing the reflux of food into the esophagus is the function of the lower esophageal sphincter, not the large intestine. The large intestine deals with waste processing rather than regulating esophageal function.
Choice D rationale
The secretion of digestive enzymes is a function of the pancreas, stomach, and small intestine. The large intestine does not secrete enzymes but focuses on absorbing water and electrolytes.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Reducing daily activity is not advised for clients with constipation. Physical activity helps stimulate bowel movements and can relieve constipation.
Choice B rationale
Trying to defecate at different times of the day is not recommended. Establishing a regular bowel routine helps promote consistent bowel movements and can prevent constipation.
Choice C rationale
Increasing daily fluid intake is beneficial for constipation. Fluids help soften stool, making it easier to pass and promoting regular bowel movements.
Choice D rationale
Consuming a low-fiber diet is not advisable for clients with constipation. A high-fiber diet helps bulk up and soften stool, making it easier to pass through the intestines.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Returning the opened medication to the medication cart is inappropriate because once a medication is opened and refused by a client, it must be disposed of properly. This action helps maintain safety and prevents contamination.
Choice B rationale
Reporting the incident to the provider is not necessary in this context as the refusal to take medication can be managed by the nurse by following the facility's protocol.
Choice C rationale
Filling out an incident report is required because the client's refusal to take the medication is considered a significant event. Incident reports are used to document and analyze such events to improve patient care and safety.
Choice D rationale
Notifying the facility's ethics committee is unnecessary for a medication refusal incident, as it does not involve an ethical dilemma requiring their intervention.