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A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the function of the large intestine.
Which of the following information should the nurse include?

A.

It produces vitamin D.

B.

It prevents the reflux of food into the esophagus.

C.

It absorbs liquid to form stool.

D.

It secretes enzymes to digest food.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice C rationale

The large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes from the remaining indigestible food matter, forming and eliminating solid waste (stool). This absorption process is vital for

maintaining the body's fluid and electrolyte balance.

 

Choice A rationale

The large intestine does not produce vitamin D; this occurs in the skin when exposed to sunlight. The large intestine’s primary functions are absorption and waste formation.

 

Choice B rationale

Preventing the reflux of food into the esophagus is the function of the lower esophageal sphincter, not the large intestine. The large intestine deals with waste processing rather than regulating esophageal function.

 

Choice D rationale

The secretion of digestive enzymes is a function of the pancreas, stomach, and small intestine. The large intestine does not secrete enzymes but focuses on absorbing water and electrolytes.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice D rationale

Dark-colored urine is a common indicator of dehydration. When the body is dehydrated, urine becomes more concentrated, leading to darker color due to higher levels of waste products.

Choice A rationale

Cloudy urine is not typically associated with dehydration. It may indicate the presence of an infection, inflammation, or other medical conditions.

Choice B rationale

Urine osmolality of 200 mOsm/kg suggests diluted urine, which is contrary to the expectation in dehydration. Dehydration would typically result in higher urine osmolality as the kidneys conserve water.

Choice C rationale

Urine specific gravity of 1.015 falls within the normal range (1.005 to 1.030). In dehydration, specific gravity would be expected to be higher as the urine becomes more concentrated to conserve water.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Cheese is high in calcium, which can interfere with the absorption of iron by binding to it in the digestive tract, making it less available for absorption.

Choice B rationale

Antacids containing magnesium can interfere with the absorption of iron by increasing the pH of the stomach, reducing the solubility and absorption of iron.

Choice C rationale

Orange juice is high in vitamin C, which can enhance the absorption of iron by reducing it to a form that is more easily absorbed by the body.

Choice D rationale

Milk contains calcium, which can inhibit the absorption of iron. Calcium competes with iron for absorption in the intestines, leading to reduced iron absorption.

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