A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the function of the large intestine.
Which of the following information should the nurse include?
It produces vitamin D.
It prevents the reflux of food into the esophagus.
It absorbs liquid to form stool.
It secretes enzymes to digest food.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice C rationale
The large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes from the remaining indigestible food matter, forming and eliminating solid waste (stool). This absorption process is vital for
maintaining the body's fluid and electrolyte balance.
Choice A rationale
The large intestine does not produce vitamin D; this occurs in the skin when exposed to sunlight. The large intestine’s primary functions are absorption and waste formation.
Choice B rationale
Preventing the reflux of food into the esophagus is the function of the lower esophageal sphincter, not the large intestine. The large intestine deals with waste processing rather than regulating esophageal function.
Choice D rationale
The secretion of digestive enzymes is a function of the pancreas, stomach, and small intestine. The large intestine does not secrete enzymes but focuses on absorbing water and electrolytes.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice D rationale
Dark-colored urine is a common indicator of dehydration. When the body is dehydrated, urine becomes more concentrated, leading to darker color due to higher levels of waste products.
Choice A rationale
Cloudy urine is not typically associated with dehydration. It may indicate the presence of an infection, inflammation, or other medical conditions.
Choice B rationale
Urine osmolality of 200 mOsm/kg suggests diluted urine, which is contrary to the expectation in dehydration. Dehydration would typically result in higher urine osmolality as the kidneys conserve water.
Choice C rationale
Urine specific gravity of 1.015 falls within the normal range (1.005 to 1.030). In dehydration, specific gravity would be expected to be higher as the urine becomes more concentrated to conserve water.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Documenting the medication administration is important but should be done after administering the medication. Documentation ensures proper tracking and accountability but does
not address immediate patient safety concerns like checking for allergies.
Choice B rationale
Mixing the medication at the client's bedside may ensure that the medication is prepared correctly and the client receives it promptly, but it doesn't address the critical step of
ensuring the client's safety by checking for allergies first.
Choice C rationale
Checking the client for allergies is crucial before administering any medication, including powdered forms. Allergic reactions can be severe or life-threatening, so it’s essential to
ensure that the client isn’t allergic to the medication. This step ensures the safety and well-being of the client and prevents potential adverse reactions.
Choice D rationale
Determining the client's response to the medication is important for assessing the medication's effectiveness and identifying any adverse reactions, but it occurs after administration.
Checking for allergies precedes all these steps to prevent any initial harm.