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A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about physiological changes in the digestive system that occur with aging.
The nurse should include older adults might experience which of the following physiological changes?

A.

Increased muscle tone of the bowel.

B.

Increased gastric acid production.

C.

Decreased pH of the stomach.

D.

Decreased intestinal peristalsis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Aging usually leads to a decrease in muscle tone of the bowel rather than an increase, which can result in slower bowel movements and constipation.

 

Choice B rationale

Gastric acid production tends to decrease with age, not increase. This can affect the digestion and absorption of nutrients, and also increase the risk of stomach infections.

 

Choice C rationale

The pH of the stomach tends to become less acidic (increase) as one ages, not decrease. This is often due to the reduced production of gastric acid.

 

Choice D rationale

Decreased intestinal peristalsis is a common physiological change in older adults. This slowing down of the intestinal movements can lead to constipation and other digestive issues.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Reducing daily activity is not advised for clients with constipation. Physical activity helps stimulate bowel movements and can relieve constipation.

Choice B rationale

Trying to defecate at different times of the day is not recommended. Establishing a regular bowel routine helps promote consistent bowel movements and can prevent constipation.

Choice C rationale

Increasing daily fluid intake is beneficial for constipation. Fluids help soften stool, making it easier to pass and promoting regular bowel movements.

Choice D rationale

Consuming a low-fiber diet is not advisable for clients with constipation. A high-fiber diet helps bulk up and soften stool, making it easier to pass through the intestines.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Fresh vegetables do not typically cause bladder irritation. In fact, they are often recommended for a healthy diet and can help with overall bodily functions.

Choice B rationale

Red meat is not commonly associated with bladder irritation. However, consuming it in excessive amounts may have other health implications.

Choice C rationale

Dairy products are not known to cause bladder irritation. They can be a part of a balanced diet unless there is an individual intolerance or allergy.

Choice D rationale

Caffeinated beverages, such as coffee, tea, and some sodas, can irritate the bladder and increase the frequency and urgency of urination. This is due to the diuretic effect of caffeine, which stimulates bladder activity.

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