A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about obtaining a fecal occult blood test from a client.
Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Collect two stool specimens from the same area of the stool.
Use toilet paper to transfer the stool specimen.
Apply four drops of developing solution to each stool specimen.
Wait 30 seconds after applying the developing solution to obtain the results.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Collecting two stool specimens from the same area of the stool is incorrect because specimens should be taken from different areas to ensure a representative sample of the stool for testing.
Choice B rationale
Using toilet paper to transfer the stool specimen is not recommended as it can contaminate the sample and interfere with test results.
Choice C rationale
Applying four drops of developing solution to each stool specimen is incorrect. The usual procedure involves applying a specific number of drops as indicated by the test instructions, which may vary.
Choice D rationale
Waiting 30 seconds after applying the developing solution is correct. This waiting period allows the test to react and provide accurate results for the presence of occult blood.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice D rationale
Dark-colored urine is a common indicator of dehydration. When the body is dehydrated, urine becomes more concentrated, leading to darker color due to higher levels of waste products.
Choice A rationale
Cloudy urine is not typically associated with dehydration. It may indicate the presence of an infection, inflammation, or other medical conditions.
Choice B rationale
Urine osmolality of 200 mOsm/kg suggests diluted urine, which is contrary to the expectation in dehydration. Dehydration would typically result in higher urine osmolality as the kidneys conserve water.
Choice C rationale
Urine specific gravity of 1.015 falls within the normal range (1.005 to 1.030). In dehydration, specific gravity would be expected to be higher as the urine becomes more concentrated to conserve water.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Including toilet paper with the collected urine can contaminate the sample and affect the accuracy of the test results.
Choice B rationale
The first void at the start of the collection period should be discarded to ensure that only urine produced during the 24-hour period is collected.
Choice C rationale
Refrigerating the urine during the collection period helps preserve the sample and prevent bacterial growth, which could alter the test results.
Choice D rationale
The last void at the end of the collection period should be included to ensure that the full 24-hour period is accounted for in the collection.