A nurse is teaching a new group of assistive personnel (AP) about the importance of hand hygiene. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
"Use an alcohol rub when your hands are visibly soiled."
"Rub all surfaces of your hands with an alcohol rub for 20 to 30 seconds."
"If you wear gloves, you do not have to wash your hands."
"If you don't have an infection, your hands won't infect others."
The Correct Answer is B
A. Using an alcohol rub when hands are visibly soiled is incorrect; hands should be washed with soap and water in such cases.
B. Rubbing all surfaces of the hands with an alcohol rub for 20 to 30 seconds is an appropriate practice for effective hand hygiene when hands are not visibly soiled, ensuring thorough coverage of all hand surfaces.
C. Gloves are not a substitute for hand hygiene; hands should be washed before putting on gloves and after removing them to prevent contamination.
D. Even if an individual does not have an infection, they can still carry pathogens on their hands that may infect others, highlighting the necessity of proper hand hygiene.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Washing the area of the puncture thoroughly with soap and water is the first and most immediate action to reduce the risk of infection and transmission of bloodborne pathogens. This should be done as soon as possible after the injury.
B. Going to employee health services is necessary but should follow immediate first aid measures.
C. Completing an incident report is important for documentation and accountability but is not the immediate priority after a needle-stick injury.
D. Reporting the incident to the charge nurse is necessary for proper protocol but does not take precedence over ensuring the injury is properly cleaned first.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Applying petroleum jelly to the client's lips after oral care helps to prevent dryness and cracking, especially important for immobile clients who may have decreased hydration.
B. A stiff toothbrush can cause damage to the gums and teeth; a soft-bristled toothbrush is preferable for gentle cleaning.
C. Using the thumb and index finger to keep the client's mouth open can cause discomfort; a tongue blade or a mouth prop may be a better option if needed.
D. While turning the client on their side can help if there is a risk of aspiration, it is not always necessary for every oral care session and depends on the client's specific condition.