A nurse is teaching a client who has Graves' disease about recognizing the manifestations of thyroid storm. Which of the following findings should the nurse include in the teaching?
Decreased heart rate
Increased temperature
Lethargy
Hypotension
The Correct Answer is B
A) Decreased heart rate: In thyroid storm, the heart rate typically increases due to elevated levels of thyroid hormones. A decreased heart rate would not be characteristic of this condition.
B) Increased temperature: One of the hallmark signs of thyroid storm is hyperthermia or increased body temperature, often exceeding 101°F (38.3°C). This is due to the heightened metabolic state caused by excess thyroid hormones.
C) Lethargy: While lethargy can occur in other thyroid-related issues, thyroid storm is more commonly associated with hyperactivity and agitation rather than lethargy. Clients may present with restlessness and confusion.
D) Hypotension: In thyroid storm, clients often experience hypertension rather than hypotension. The increased metabolic demands can lead to elevated blood pressure due to increased cardiac output and peripheral vasodilation.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A)"Iwilltrytolimitfoodsthatcontainsalt.":Limitingsaltintakeisimportantformanagingheartfailurebutdoesn'tspecificallyaddresstheadverseeffectsoffurosemide.Thisdiureticcancauseelectrolyteimbalances,butsaltrestrictionismorerelatedtooverallheartfailuremanagement.
B)"I'mgoingtoincludemorecantaloupeinmydiet.":Furosemidecancausepotassiumdepletion,andcantaloupeishighinpotassium.Increasingpotassium-richfoodsinthediethelpscounteractthisadverseeffect,indicatingtheclientunderstandstheneedtomaintainelectrolytebalance.
C)"IwillcheckmypulsebeforeItakethemedication.":Whilemonitoringheartratecanbeusefulinmanagingheartconditions,itisnotspecifictotheprimaryadverseeffectsoffurosemide.Thekeyconcernwiththismedicationisitsimpactonelectrolytesandfluidbalance.
D)"I'llcheckmybloodpressuresoitdoesn'tgettoohigh.":Furosemidetypicallylowersbloodpressure,sotheconcernwouldbehypotension(lowbloodpressure)ratherthanhypertension(highbloodpressure).Thisstatementdoesn’treflectanunderstandingoffurosemide’sprimaryadverseeffects.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Diphenhydramine: This is an antihistamine primarily used to treat allergies and as a sedative. It is not indicated for reversing opioid-induced respiratory depression and could potentially worsen the sedation.
Flumazenil: This medication is a benzodiazepine antagonist and is used to reverse the effects of benzodiazepines. It is not effective for opioid overdose or respiratory depression caused by morphine.
Naloxone: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression. In cases of opioid-induced respiratory depression, naloxone is the appropriate medication to administer to restore normal respiratory function.
Calcium gluconate: This medication is used for conditions such as hypocalcemia or magnesium toxicity, but it is not relevant for opioid overdose or respiratory depression.