A nurse is teaching a client who has Graves' disease about recognizing the manifestations of thyroid storm. Which of the following findings should the nurse include in the teaching?
Decreased heart rate
Increased temperature
Lethargy
Hypotension
The Correct Answer is B
A) Decreased heart rate: In thyroid storm, the heart rate typically increases due to elevated levels of thyroid hormones. A decreased heart rate would not be characteristic of this condition.
B) Increased temperature: One of the hallmark signs of thyroid storm is hyperthermia or increased body temperature, often exceeding 101°F (38.3°C). This is due to the heightened metabolic state caused by excess thyroid hormones.
C) Lethargy: While lethargy can occur in other thyroid-related issues, thyroid storm is more commonly associated with hyperactivity and agitation rather than lethargy. Clients may present with restlessness and confusion.
D) Hypotension: In thyroid storm, clients often experience hypertension rather than hypotension. The increased metabolic demands can lead to elevated blood pressure due to increased cardiac output and peripheral vasodilation.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Chloride level: Chloride levels are generally not affected by gout. While electrolyte imbalances can occur in various conditions, they are not specifically associated with acute gout attacks.
B) Uric acid: An increase in uric acid levels is expected in clients with acute gout. Gout is caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, leading to inflammation and pain. Monitoring uric acid levels is crucial for diagnosing and managing this condition.
C) Creatinine kinase: Creatinine kinase levels are typically elevated in conditions related to muscle damage or injury, rather than gout. While some muscle soreness may occur during a gout flare, it is not a primary indicator for this condition.
D) Intrinsic factor: Intrinsic factor is related to vitamin B12 absorption and is not relevant to gout. It is primarily associated with conditions like pernicious anemia rather than gout or uric acid metabolism.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) "I will increase my intake of canned vegetables.": This statement indicates a lack of understanding. Canned vegetables can be high in sodium, which is not advisable for individuals with cardiovascular disease. Fresh or frozen vegetables are usually better options.
B) "I will drink whole milk with my cereal.": Whole milk is higher in saturated fat and cholesterol, which can contribute to cardiovascular issues. Low-fat or non-fat milk would be a more appropriate choice for someone with cardiovascular disease.
C) "I will limit my portions of meat to 8 ounces.": While portion control is important, this statement does not reflect an understanding of the type of meat to consume. It’s not just about the portion size but also about choosing lean meats and limiting red and processed meats.
D) "I will use canola oil when making salad dressing.": This statement shows an understanding of dietary recommendations for cardiovascular health. Canola oil is a healthier choice due to its lower saturated fat content and higher levels of heart-healthy monounsaturated fats, making it a better option for someone managing cardiovascular disease.