A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for glimepiride. The nurse should teach the client to avoid which of the following drinks while taking this medication?
Coffee
Milk
Alcohol
Grapefruit juice
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Coffee does not interact with glimepiride.
B. Milk is not contraindicated with glimepiride.
C. Alcohol should be avoided while taking glimepiride, as it can potentiate the hypoglycemic effects of the medication and may increase the risk of a severe drop in blood sugar levels.
D. Grapefruit juice is not known to have a significant interaction with glimepiride.
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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. The nurse should inform the client that if the stockings are too tight, they may impair blood flow rather than prevent it, which could increase the risk of complications such as pressure sores or circulatory issues.
B. While the stockings should be removed periodically, removing them only once daily for 30 minutes may not be sufficient for skin inspection and care. Best practice usually involves removing them more frequently, such as every 8 hours, to check for skin integrity.
C. Proper skin hygiene and regular assessment should be performed each time the stockings are removed to ensure there is no irritation, breakdown, or circulatory impairment.
D. Antiembolism stockings are designed to be worn both in and out of bed to maintain consistent pressure on the legs and reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
E. Proper measuring of the leg is crucial to ensure that the stockings fit correctly, providing the necessary compression without being too tight or too loose.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Hypernatremia, an elevated sodium level, does not cause Trousseau's or Chvostek's signs.
B. Hypermagnesemia, an elevated magnesium level, is not associated with positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs.
C. Hypocalcemia, a low calcium level, is commonly associated with positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs. Trousseau's sign is a carpopedal spasm induced by inflating a blood pressure cuff, while Chvostek's sign is facial twitching in response to tapping over the facial nerve. Both are indicative of neuromuscular irritability due to low calcium levels.
D. Hypokalemia, a low potassium level, does not cause these specific signs and is associated with different clinical manifestations.