A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for pancrelipase to aid in digestion. The nurse should inform the client to expect which of the following gastrointestinal changes?
Decreased fat in stools
Decreased watery stools
Decreased mucus in stools
Decreased black tarry stools
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A: Decreased fat in stools
Pancrelipase is a combination of digestive enzymes, including lipase, protease, and amylase, which help break down fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. One of the primary benefits of pancrelipase is its ability to improve fat digestion and absorption. Clients with pancreatic insufficiency often experience steatorrhea, which is the presence of excess fat in stools, making them bulky, greasy, and foul-smelling. By aiding in the digestion of fats, pancrelipase reduces the fat content in stools, leading to more normal bowel movements.
Choice B: Decreased watery stools
While pancrelipase can improve overall digestion, it is not specifically known for decreasing watery stools. Watery stools can result from various conditions, including infections, inflammatory bowel disease, or other gastrointestinal disorders. Pancrelipase primarily targets the digestion of macronutrients and may not directly affect the consistency of stools unless the watery stools are due to malabsorption of fats.
Choice C: Decreased mucus in stools
Mucus in stools can be a sign of inflammation or irritation in the gastrointestinal tract, often associated with conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or infections. Pancrelipase does not specifically target mucus production in the intestines. Its primary function is to aid in the digestion of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates, rather than addressing mucus-related issues.
Choice D: Decreased black tarry stools
Black tarry stools, also known as melena, are typically a sign of gastrointestinal bleeding, particularly from the upper GI tract. This condition requires immediate medical attention and is not related to the use of pancrelipase. Pancrelipase is not indicated for treating or preventing gastrointestinal bleeding and would not affect the presence of black tarry stools.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Advising that the largest meal of the day should be in the evening is not typically recommended for clients with a colostomy. It is generally better to have smaller, more frequent meals throughout the day to aid digestion and reduce the risk of discomfort.
Choice B reason:
Eating yogurt can indeed help decrease the amount of gas. Yogurt contains probiotics, which can aid in digestion and reduce gas production. This is a beneficial dietary choice for clients with a colostomy.
Choice C reason:
Carbonated beverages are not recommended for controlling odor. In fact, they can increase gas production and lead to bloating, which can be uncomfortable for clients with a colostomy.
Choice D reason:
There is no need to eliminate pasta from the diet to prevent loose stools. Instead, clients should focus on a balanced diet that includes low-fiber foods initially and gradually reintroduce other foods while monitoring their effects.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A: Relapse is an Indication that You Are Not Taking Your Medications Properly
This statement is not entirely accurate. While non-adherence to medication can be a factor in relapse, it is not the only cause. Schizophrenia is a complex condition, and relapses can occur even when medications are taken as prescribed. Stress, changes in routine, and other factors can also contribute to a relapse.
Choice B: You Should Keep Your Provider’s and Therapist’s Number with You
This statement indicates an understanding of the importance of having immediate access to professional help. Keeping contact information for healthcare providers and therapists readily available ensures that the client can quickly reach out for support if they notice early signs of relapse. This proactive approach can help manage symptoms before they escalate.
Choice C: Taking an Additional Dose of Medication is Appropriate as Soon as Signs of Relapse Appear
This statement is incorrect. Clients should not adjust their medication dosage without consulting their healthcare provider. Taking an additional dose can lead to adverse effects and may not address the underlying issue. It is crucial to follow the prescribed treatment plan and seek professional advice if symptoms worsen.
Choice D: You Should Be Aware that Excessive Sleeping is an Early Sign of Relapse
Excessive sleeping is not typically an early sign of schizophrenia relapse. Common early warning signs include insomnia, social withdrawal, difficulty concentrating, and increased paranoia. While changes in sleep patterns can be a symptom, it is more important to recognize the specific signs that have previously indicated a relapse for the individual.