A nurse is reviewing the medication record for a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as having the potential to cause nephrotoxicity?
Ondansetron
Diphenhydramine
Gentamicin
Omeprazole
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Ondansetron is an antiemetic that does not typically cause nephrotoxicity and is generally safe for use in clients with chronic kidney disease.
B. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that does not have nephrotoxic effects and is commonly used for allergy symptoms or as a sleep aid.
C. Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that is known to be nephrotoxic, especially in clients with pre-existing kidney disease. It requires careful monitoring of kidney function and dosing adjustments to prevent kidney damage.
D. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and does not typically cause nephrotoxicity, although long-term use has been associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Airway patency is the highest priority following a thyroidectomy due to the risk of airway obstruction from swelling or hematoma formation near the surgical site. Compromised airway can lead to respiratory distress and requires immediate attention.
B. While monitoring temperature is important for detecting potential infections, it is not the immediate priority.
C. Pain control is important for comfort and recovery, but it is not life-threatening.
D. Urination should be monitored postoperatively, but it is not as critical as ensuring a patent airway.
Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Bradycardia is not typically associated with emphysema; tachycardia is more common due to hypoxia.
B. Deep respirations are not a hallmark of emphysema; patients often have shallow, rapid breathing due to decreased lung capacity.
C. A barrel chest is a characteristic sign of emphysema, resulting from hyperinflation of the lungs over time.
D. Clubbing of the fingers can occur due to chronic hypoxia associated with emphysema.
E. Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, is a primary symptom of emphysema due to the destruction of alveoli and reduced gas exchange.