A nurse is reviewing the ABG results of a client who has COPD. The results include a pH of 7.3 (7.35 to 7.45), PaO2 56 mm Hg (80 to 100 mm Hg), PaCO2 54 mm Hg (35 to 45 mm Hg), HCO3- 26 mEq/L (21 to 28 mEq/L), and SaO2 87%. Which of the following is the correct interpretation of these values?
Compensated metabolic acidosis
Compensated respiratory acidosis
Uncompensated respiratory acidosis
Uncompensated metabolic acidosis
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Compensated metabolic acidosis would show a normal pH with a decrease in HCO3- and a decrease in PaCO2.
B. Compensated respiratory acidosis would show a normal pH with an elevated PaCO2 and a compensatory increase in HCO3-.
C. The low pH indicates acidosis, and the elevated PaCO2 suggests that it is respiratory in origin, with the HCO3- remaining normal, indicating no compensation has occurred yet.
D. Uncompensated metabolic acidosis would present with a low pH, low HCO3-, and normal PaCO2.
Free Nursing Test Bank
- Free Pharmacology Quiz 1
- Free Medical-Surgical Quiz 2
- Free Fundamentals Quiz 3
- Free Maternal-Newborn Quiz 4
- Free Anatomy and Physiology Quiz 5
- Free Obstetrics and Pediatrics Quiz 6
- Free Fluid and Electrolytes Quiz 7
- Free Community Health Quiz 8
- Free Promoting Health across the Lifespan Quiz 9
- Free Multidimensional Care Quiz 10
View Related questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. A quick inhalation is not the correct technique; the child should take a slow, deep breath in while pressing down on the inhaler to ensure effective medication delivery.
B. Taking the medication 15 minutes before playing sports allows time for the medication to take effect, making this the best choice.
C. The mouthpiece should be cleaned more frequently, typically after each use, to prevent buildup of medication and bacteria.
D. Waiting 10 seconds between inhalations is generally advised; however, the more important instruction here is the timing of medication before sports.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. While offering choices can promote autonomy, allowing clients to choose their own mealtimes may lead to avoidance of meals and is not a structured approach needed for clients with anorexia nervosa.
B. Supervision during and after eating is critical in managing clients with anorexia nervosa to ensure they consume the necessary nutrients and to monitor for any harmful behaviors, such as purging.
C. Although providing choices can support autonomy, it may not be suitable for clients with anorexia nervosa, as they might choose low-calorie or unhealthy options.
D. Encouraging casual conversation about food can sometimes increase anxiety or lead to fixation on eating behaviors, making it an inappropriate strategy for this population.