A nurse is reviewing the ABG results of a client who has COPD. The results include a pH of 7.3 (7.35 to 7.45), PaO2 56 mm Hg (80 to 100 mm Hg), PaCO2 54 mm Hg (35 to 45 mm Hg), HCO3- 26 mEq/L (21 to 28 mEq/L), and SaO2 87%. Which of the following is the correct interpretation of these values?
Compensated metabolic acidosis
Compensated respiratory acidosis
Uncompensated respiratory acidosis
Uncompensated metabolic acidosis
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Compensated metabolic acidosis would show a normal pH with a decrease in HCO3- and a decrease in PaCO2.
B. Compensated respiratory acidosis would show a normal pH with an elevated PaCO2 and a compensatory increase in HCO3-.
C. The low pH indicates acidosis, and the elevated PaCO2 suggests that it is respiratory in origin, with the HCO3- remaining normal, indicating no compensation has occurred yet.
D. Uncompensated metabolic acidosis would present with a low pH, low HCO3-, and normal PaCO2.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Diarrhea is not a typical manifestation of ovarian cancer and may be more related to gastrointestinal issues.
B. Urinary retention can occur but is not a common initial symptom associated with ovarian cancer.
C. Abdominal bloating is a common symptom associated with ovarian cancer and should be included in the educational session. It may occur due to fluid accumulation or tumor growth.
D. Purulent discharge is not a typical manifestation of ovarian cancer and may suggest an infection rather than a cancer diagnosis.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. A report of chest pain is an adverse effect of epinephrine, which can increase myocardial oxygen demand and cause angina or myocardial ischemia.
B. Hypotension is not a common effect after administering epinephrine; it typically causes hypertension due to vasoconstriction.
C. Ecchymosis is not a known adverse effect of epinephrine and may be related to other factors.
D. Tinnitus is not a recognized adverse effect of epinephrine and does not commonly occur after administration.