A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings for a client admitted with multiple myeloma. The nurse should expect to see an increase in which of the following laboratory tests?
WBCS
Calcium
Absolute neutrophil count
Platelets
The Correct Answer is B
A. WBCs: White blood cell counts may vary in multiple myeloma, but they are not typically increased; in fact, WBC counts can be low due to bone marrow crowding.
B. Calcium: Multiple myeloma often causes hypercalcemia because of increased bone breakdown, leading to the release of calcium into the bloodstream.
C. Absolute neutrophil count: The absolute neutrophil count may actually decrease as a result of bone marrow dysfunction, not increase.
D. Platelets: Platelet counts are often decreased in multiple myeloma due to bone marrow involvement, not increased.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The patient should increase intake of fluids. Increased fluid intake helps flush excess calcium from the kidneys, which is vital for patients with hypercalcemia, a common complication of multiple myeloma.
B. The patient should increase intake of fresh fruits. Fresh fruits can be healthy but do not directly reduce hypercalcemia risk. Fluid intake is more critical in preventing calcium build up.
C. The patient should decrease intake of red meat. While reducing red meat can be beneficial for overall health, it does not directly address hypercalcemia.
D. The patient should avoid alcoholic beverages. Avoiding alcohol is generally beneficial, but it is not specifically related to managing hypercalcemia in multiple myeloma.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Red blood cells (RBCs) 5.0 million/mm³ (F 4.2–5.4; M 4.7–6.1): This RBC count is within normal limits and does not indicate a concern related to thrombocytopenia.
B. Hemoglobin 14.5 g/100 mL (F 12–16; M 14–18): Hemoglobin is within normal limits and is not an immediate concern for a patient with ITP, as thrombocytopenia primarily affects platelets, not hemoglobin levels.
C. Platelets 50,000/mm³ (150,000–400,000): A platelet count of 50,000/mm³ is significantly below the normal range and poses a risk for bleeding, which is the primary concern in ITP (immune thrombocytopenic purpura).
D. White blood cells (WBCs) 7,400/mm³ (5,000–10,000): The WBC count is normal and not directly related to thrombocytopenia in ITP, which specifically affects platelets.