A nurse is reviewing a client’s orders and notes the following: Vital signs every 4 hours, regular diet, Cefazolin 1g IV every 8 hours for 5 days, Metformin 1,000 mg PO every 12 hours, and point of care blood glucose check every 4 hours. Which action should the nurse take?
Place the client on contact precautions.
Start a high-fiber diet.
Administer an oral steroid.
Make the client NPO.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Placing the client on contact precautions is not indicated based on the provided orders. Contact precautions are typically used for infections that are spread by direct or indirect contact, such as MRSA or C. difficile. The orders do not suggest the presence of such an infection.
Choice B rationale
Starting a high-fiber diet is not indicated. The client is already on a regular diet, and there is no mention of conditions that would necessitate a high-fiber diet, such as constipation or diverticulosis.
Choice C rationale
Administering an oral steroid is not indicated. The orders include Cefazolin, an antibiotic, and Metformin, an antidiabetic medication. There is no indication for an oral steroid, which is typically used for inflammatory conditions or autoimmune diseases.
Choice D rationale
Making the client NPO (nothing by mouth) is the correct action. This is likely due to the need for accurate blood glucose monitoring and the administration of IV antibiotics. Being NPO ensures that the client does not eat or drink anything that could interfere with these treatments.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Beginning cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and calling a code would be inappropriate in this situation because the client has a signed do not resuscitate (DNR) form. A DNR order is a legal document that instructs healthcare providers not to perform CPR if the client’s heart stops or if they stop breathing. Performing CPR would go against the client’s wishes and legal rights.
Choice B rationale
Asking the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to complete postmortem care is not the immediate next step. While postmortem care is necessary, the nurse must first report the client’s status to the healthcare provider to ensure proper documentation and follow-up actions.
Choice C rationale
Reporting the client’s status to the healthcare provider is the correct action. This ensures that the healthcare provider is aware of the client’s condition and can provide further instructions or documentation as needed. It is essential to follow the proper chain of command and legal protocols in such situations.
Choice D rationale
Notifying the family of the client’s death is important, but it is not the immediate next step. The nurse should first report the client’s status to the healthcare provider to ensure that all necessary medical and legal documentation is completed before contacting the family.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Beginning with queries that are less sensitive in nature can help establish rapport and trust with the client. This approach makes the client more comfortable and willing to disclose personal information, including details about sexual activity.
Choice B rationale
Asking queries in a vague, non-specific format may lead to confusion and incomplete information. It is important to ask clear and direct questions to obtain accurate information.
Choice C rationale
Getting the most difficult queries over with first may cause the client to feel uncomfortable and defensive, making it harder to obtain accurate information.
Choice D rationale
Sharing personal values to put the client at ease is not appropriate in a professional setting. The nurse should maintain a neutral and non-judgmental approach to encourage open communication.