A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the family of a client who has primary dementia. Which of the following manifestations of dementia should the nurse include in the teaching?
Temporary, reversible loss of brain function
Forgetfulness gradually progressing to disorientation
Hyper vigilant behaviors
Sleeping more during the day than nighttime
The Correct Answer is B
A. Primary dementia is not characterized by temporary or reversible loss of brain function; it typically involves progressive and irreversible changes.
B. Forgetfulness that gradually progresses to disorientation is a common manifestation of primary dementia, indicating cognitive decline.
C. Hyper vigilant behaviors are not typical of dementia; instead, individuals may exhibit confusion or disorientation.
D. Sleeping more during the day than nighttime is not a specific manifestation of primary dementia and could be attributed to other factors, including other medical conditions or medications.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Using a thermometer to check the temperature of bath water is a safe practice that helps prevent burns, which is important for clients with PVD who may have reduced sensation.
B. Wearing stockings with elastic tops can restrict blood flow and is generally not recommended for clients with PVD; clients should use non-restrictive stockings instead.
C. Not going barefoot is a good practice to prevent injuries and ulcers, which are risks for clients with PVD.
D. Avoiding crossing the legs is advisable as it helps maintain adequate blood flow and reduces the risk of circulation problems.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A heart rate of 56/min indicates bradycardia, which can reduce cardiac output and lead to dizziness due to decreased cerebral perfusion.
B. A high temperature is not directly associated with bradycardia; fever typically causes tachycardia.
C. Hypoglycemia does not have a direct relationship with bradycardia; it is more commonly associated with symptoms like sweating, confusion, and tremors.
D. Cigarette smoking typically contributes to conditions like tachycardia and vascular constriction, not bradycardia.