A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who tested positive for group B streptococcus β-hemolytic (GBS) during a prior pregnancy and is at 30 weeks of gestation. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
"You will be tested again for GBS at about 36 weeks of gestation.”.
"If you test positive for GBS, the provider will need to perform a cesarean birth.”.
"You will take an antibiotic during the last 2 weeks of pregnancy to avoid transferring GBS to your baby.”.
"This infection can cause your baby to experience hearing loss at birth.”.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Testing for GBS at around 36 weeks of gestation is standard practice to identify carriers and prevent neonatal GBS infections through intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis if necessary.
Choice B rationale
Cesarean birth is not indicated solely based on a positive GBS status. The primary intervention is intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce the risk of neonatal infection.
Choice C rationale
Routine antibiotic administration during the last weeks of pregnancy is not standard practice; antibiotics are given during labor if GBS is present to prevent transmission to the baby.
Choice D rationale
GBS infection does not cause hearing loss in newborns. The primary concern is neonatal sepsis, pneumonia, or meningitis, not hearing loss.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A single crease in the palm, known as a simian crease, is a common characteristic seen in infants with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) due to the unique hand structure associated with this condition.
Choice B rationale
A notch in the lip, such as a cleft lip, is not commonly associated with trisomy 21 and is more typically related to other genetic conditions or environmental factors during development.
Choice C rationale
An inversion of the foot, such as clubfoot, is not a specific characteristic of trisomy 21. This condition is more often seen in other congenital anomalies not related to Down syndrome.
Choice D rationale
Extra digits on the hand, or polydactyly, is not commonly associated with trisomy 21 but can be seen in other genetic disorders. Trisomy 21 has more specific physical features like the simian crease.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Chemotherapy is not a standard treatment for a molar pregnancy unless malignancy is suspected or confirmed. It is usually monitored with regular HCG levels and follow-up.
Choice B rationale
Attending a support group is crucial for emotional support and ensuring that the client has access to resources and information about recovery and future pregnancy planning.
Choice C rationale
Home palliative services are not typically required after a molar pregnancy unless there are specific complications that necessitate such care. The focus is generally on monitoring HCG levels and follow-up.
Choice D rationale
An amniocentesis is not needed after a molar pregnancy. Follow-up includes HCG level monitoring to ensure all molar tissue is gone and to watch for malignancy, not amniocentesis.