A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is undergoing amniotic fluid assessment for the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
The results can indicate a genetic disorder.
This test determines how well my placenta is functioning.
This test is done if there is a risk of an Rh incompatibility.
The results will show if my baby's lungs are mature.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio does not indicate genetic disorders; it's used to assess fetal lung maturity.
Choice B rationale
The test does not determine placental function. It specifically evaluates fetal lung maturity through the ratio of lecithin to sphingomyelin in amniotic fluid.
Choice C rationale
The test is not used to assess the risk of Rh incompatibility. The L/S ratio focuses on lung development rather than blood compatibility issues.
Choice D rationale
The L/S ratio assesses the baby's lung maturity, indicating if the lungs produce enough surfactant for proper function after birth.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Starting each feeding with the same breast can lead to engorgement and decreased milk supply in the other breast.
Choice B rationale
Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months. Providing a formula supplement can interfere with milk supply and breastfeeding success.
Choice C rationale
Allowing the newborn to empty the first breast ensures they receive hindmilk, which is richer in fat and essential for growth.
Choice D rationale
Newborns do not need additional water as breast milk or formula provides all necessary hydration.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A maternal age of 30 years is not a significant risk factor for preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is more common in very young mothers or those over the age of 35.
Choice B rationale
A prepregnancy BMI of 19 is within the normal range and is not considered a risk factor for preeclampsia, which is more commonly associated with higher BMI or obesity.
Choice C rationale
Being in the third pregnancy (multiparity) is not a strong risk factor for preeclampsia. The risk factors are more closely related to the individual's health conditions and first pregnancies.
Choice D rationale
Chronic hypertension is a well-known risk factor for preeclampsia as it indicates pre-existing cardiovascular issues that can predispose one to developing preeclampsia during preg