A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to have a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. The nurse should tell the client that, in addition to the iliac crest, a common site for this procedure is which of the following?
Hip
Cervical spine
Sternum
Humerus
The Correct Answer is C
A. Hip: While “hip” can sometimes colloquially refer to the iliac crest, it is not commonly used to describe the specific site for aspiration outside of the iliac crest.
B. Cervical spine: The cervical spine is not a site used for bone marrow aspiration due to its inaccessibility and proximity to critical structures.
C. Sternum: The sternum is a common site for bone marrow aspiration in adults as it provides direct access to the marrow.
D. Humerus: The humerus is generally not used for bone marrow aspirations as it does not provide as accessible or large an area for aspiration.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. WBCs: White blood cell counts may vary in multiple myeloma, but they are not typically increased; in fact, WBC counts can be low due to bone marrow crowding.
B. Calcium: Multiple myeloma often causes hypercalcemia because of increased bone breakdown, leading to the release of calcium into the bloodstream.
C. Absolute neutrophil count: The absolute neutrophil count may actually decrease as a result of bone marrow dysfunction, not increase.
D. Platelets: Platelet counts are often decreased in multiple myeloma due to bone marrow involvement, not increased.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Intense abdominal pain: While abdominal pain may occur in some conditions related to anemia, it is not a typical finding in anemia due to blood loss.
B. Respiratory depression: Respiratory depression is not commonly associated with anemia and would more likely indicate issues with central nervous system depression or drug side effects.
C. Dyspnea on exertion: Dyspnea on exertion is common in clients with anemia because of the decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, leading to tissue hypoxia. Anemia results in decreased hemoglobin levels, reducing the body’s ability to deliver adequate oxygen, particularly during physical activity.
D. Bradycardia: Anemia typically causes tachycardia (increased heart rate) rather than bradycardia, as the body compensates for low oxygen levels by increasing cardiac output.