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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements from the client indicates to the nurse the teaching is effective?

A.

“I will freeze unopened insulin vials.”.

B.

“I should increase my insulin when I exercise.”.

C.

“I should inject the insulin into my abdominal area.”.

D.

“I will shake the insulin vial vigorously to mix.”.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

 

Freezing unopened insulin vials is incorrect. Insulin should be stored in the refrigerator at a temperature between 36°F and 46°F (2°C and 8°C) until it is opened. Freezing insulin can cause it to lose its potency and effectiveness. Once opened, insulin vials can be kept at room temperature for up to 28 days, but they should never be frozen.

 

Choice B rationale

 

Increasing insulin when exercising is incorrect. Exercise generally lowers blood glucose levels, so clients with type 1 diabetes may need to decrease their insulin dose or consume additional carbohydrates to prevent hypoglycemia during and after physical activity. It is important for clients to monitor their blood glucose levels closely and adjust their insulin and carbohydrate intake accordingly.

 

Choice C rationale

 

Injecting insulin into the abdominal area is correct. The abdominal area is one of the recommended sites for insulin injection because it has a large surface area and provides consistent absorption. Other recommended sites include the upper outer arms, thighs, and buttocks. Rotating injection sites within the same area helps prevent lipodystrophy and ensures better insulin absorption.

 

Choice D rationale

 

Shaking the insulin vial vigorously to mix is incorrect. Insulin vials should be gently rolled between the hands to mix the contents. Shaking the vial vigorously can cause air bubbles to form, which can lead to inaccurate dosing. Proper mixing ensures that the insulin is evenly distributed and effective.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance, not the overproduction of insulin. Over time, the pancreas may produce less insulin, but the primary issue is the body’s inability to use insulin effectively.

Choice B rationale

Type 2 diabetes involves the body’s inability to process glucose properly due to insulin resistance. This leads to elevated blood glucose levels and various complications if not managed effectively.

Choice C rationale

Hemoglobin binding to sugar is related to the measurement of HbA1c, which reflects average blood glucose levels over time. It is not a cause of type 2 diabetes.

Choice D rationale

The destruction of pancreatic cells is a characteristic of type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune condition. Type 2 diabetes is primarily due to insulin resistance and is not caused by an autoimmune response.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Determining the patency of the tubing is the first action the nurse should take. If there is no urinary output, it is important to check for any kinks or blockages in the tubing that may be preventing the flow of urine. Ensuring the patency of the tubing can help resolve the issue without the need for further intervention.

Choice B rationale

Notifying the provider is not the first action the nurse should take. The nurse should first assess the situation and determine if there is a simple solution, such as checking the patency of the tubing, before escalating the issue to the provider.

Choice C rationale

Administering a prescribed analgesic is not the first action the nurse should take. While pain management is important, it is crucial to address the lack of urinary output first to prevent complications such as bladder distention or damage.

Choice D rationale

Offering oral fluids is not the first action the nurse should take. While maintaining hydration is important, the immediate concern is to determine why there is no urinary output and address any potential blockages in the tubing.

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