A nurse is reinforcing teaching to the caregivers of a child who is to have an electroencephalogram (EEG). Which of the following statements by the caregivers indicates understanding of the teaching?
"I cannot wash my child's hair prior to the procedure."
"This procedure will be painful for my child."
"I should not give my child anything to eat prior to the procedure."
"My child should remain quiet and still during this procedure."
The Correct Answer is D
A. "I cannot wash my child's hair prior to the procedure.": Hair should be clean and free of oils or products to ensure proper electrode placement and signal conduction.
B. "This procedure will be painful for my child.": An EEG is a non-invasive and painless test.
C. "I should not give my child anything to eat prior to the procedure.": Eating is usually permitted before an EEG unless sedation is planned.
D. "My child should remain quiet and still during this procedure.": Movement can interfere with the test's accuracy, so the child needs to stay calm and still during the procedure.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Decreased pressure and cloudy cerebrospinal fluid with a high protein level. Meningitis usually causes increased intracranial pressure, not decreased.
B. Clear cerebrospinal fluid with a high protein and low glucose. Clear CSF is typically seen in viral meningitis, but bacterial meningitis more often causes cloudy CSF.
C. Cloudy cerebrospinal fluid with a low protein and low glucose. While glucose is low in bacterial meningitis, protein is typically elevated due to the infection.
D. Cloudy cerebrospinal fluid with a high protein and low glucose levels. This finding is consistent with bacterial meningitis, where the CSF is cloudy, protein is elevated due to inflammation, and glucose is low because bacteria consume glucose.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Detachment is the stage exhibited only in the hospital: Detachment can occur in other settings beyond the hospital. It is the final stage of separation anxiety and may manifest as a child appearing uninterested in caregivers, a coping mechanism to deal with prolonged separation.
B. Physical aggression such as kicking is an example of separation anxiety: Physical aggression, such as kicking or hitting, is a common behavior during separation anxiety, especially in younger children who cannot verbalize their emotions effectively.
C. It results in prolonged issues of adaptability: While separation anxiety may temporarily affect adaptability, most children overcome it as they grow. It does not inherently result in prolonged issues unless associated with other psychological conditions.
D. It is often observed in the school-aged child: Separation anxiety is most commonly observed in infants and toddlers (6 months to 3 years). By school age, children have typically developed coping mechanisms, though they may experience situational anxiety.