A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a group of nursing students about causes of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select All that Apply)
Falls
Violence
Sports-related injuries
Working as a firefighter
Working in a factory
Correct Answer : A,B,C
A. Falls are one of the leading causes of TBIs, especially in older adults and young children.
B. Violence, including assaults or domestic abuse, can result in traumatic brain injuries, often due to blunt trauma to the head.
C. Sports-related injuries, particularly from contact sports like football or boxing, are a well-recognized cause of TBIs.
D. While firefighting can involve physical risks, it is not a direct cause of traumatic brain injuries unless an accident involving the head occurs.
E. Working in a factory, though it may pose various risks, does not typically involve causes directly linked to TBIs unless there is an accidental head injury.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Decreasing activity is not recommended for peripheral venous disease; clients are encouraged to engage in physical activity to promote circulation and prevent complications.
B. Massaging legs may not be advisable as it could exacerbate swelling and discomfort; instead, elevation is often recommended.
C. Inspecting legs daily for changes is essential for early detection of complications such as skin changes or ulcers, indicating the client understands the importance of monitoring their condition.
D. Keeping legs in a dependent position can worsen venous pooling and swelling; elevation is generally recommended to improve venous return.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. A cooling blanket is not typically needed unless there is a fever or postoperative temperature dysregulation, which is not a standard intervention in this case.
B. Monitoring daily weight is essential following valve replacement to detect fluid retention or heart failure, which can indicate compromised cardiac function.
C. Opioid medications may be necessary, but they should be prescribed according to the client’s pain needs rather than a routine intervention.
D. PTT levels are usually monitored for clients on anticoagulants, but since the client has a biologic valve, anticoagulation therapy is not always required as with mechanical valves.