A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a group of nursing students about causes of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select All that Apply)
Falls
Violence
Sports-related injuries
Working as a firefighter
Working in a factory
Correct Answer : A,B,C
A. Falls are one of the leading causes of TBIs, especially in older adults and young children.
B. Violence, including assaults or domestic abuse, can result in traumatic brain injuries, often due to blunt trauma to the head.
C. Sports-related injuries, particularly from contact sports like football or boxing, are a well-recognized cause of TBIs.
D. While firefighting can involve physical risks, it is not a direct cause of traumatic brain injuries unless an accident involving the head occurs.
E. Working in a factory, though it may pose various risks, does not typically involve causes directly linked to TBIs unless there is an accidental head injury.
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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Family history is a non-modifiable risk factor as it cannot be changed or controlled.
B. A sedentary lifestyle is a modifiable risk factor; increasing physical activity can reduce the risk of heart disease.
C. Smoking is a modifiable risk factor; quitting smoking can significantly decrease the risk of heart disease.
D. Diabetes can be managed and controlled through lifestyle changes and medication, making it a modifiable risk factor.
E. Hypertension is also a modifiable risk factor; it can be managed through diet, exercise, and medication.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Monitoring electrolyte levels is important but is not as immediate as ensuring airway patency.
B. Performing passive range of motion is beneficial for mobility but does not address the immediate needs of an unconscious patient.
C. Suctioning saliva from the client's mouth is the highest priority intervention, as maintaining airway clearance is critical to prevent aspiration and ensure adequate ventilation.
D. Recording intake and output is necessary for overall assessment but is not as urgent as managing the airway.