A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who will undergo amniocentesis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
This test detects fetal genetic abnormalities.
An empty bladder is required for the test.
An x-ray will be taken during needle placement.
This test determines the volume of amniotic fluid.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Amniocentesis is used to detect fetal genetic abnormalities, such as Down syndrome, by analyzing the amniotic fluid for genetic markers.
Choice B rationale
An empty bladder is required for the test only in late pregnancy to prevent bladder injury; however, in early pregnancy, a full bladder may be required to better visualize the uterus and amniotic fluid.
Choice C rationale
An x-ray is not typically used during the needle placement for amniocentesis. Ultrasound is the preferred method to guide the needle to avoid harm to the fetus and mother.
Choice D rationale
The test does not determine the volume of amniotic fluid; it is used primarily for genetic analysis, assessing fetal lung maturity, and diagnosing certain fetal infections.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Starting each feeding with the same breast can lead to engorgement and decreased milk supply in the other breast.
Choice B rationale
Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months. Providing a formula supplement can interfere with milk supply and breastfeeding success.
Choice C rationale
Allowing the newborn to empty the first breast ensures they receive hindmilk, which is richer in fat and essential for growth.
Choice D rationale
Newborns do not need additional water as breast milk or formula provides all necessary hydration.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Ensuring the client has a full bladder before the procedure is incorrect. A full bladder can cause discomfort during the pelvic examination and may obscure the pelvic organs, making the examination more challenging for the provider.
Choice B rationale
Instructing the client to bear down when the speculum is inserted is correct. Bearing down helps relax the pelvic muscles, making it easier to insert the speculum and perform the examination with minimal discomfort.
Choice C rationale
Encouraging the client to take rapid, shallow breaths during the procedure is incorrect. This can increase anxiety and tension in the pelvic muscles, making the examination more uncomfortable.
Choice D rationale
Applying povidone-iodine to the provider's fingers prior to bimanual examination is incorrect. The standard procedure involves using gloves and lubricant to prevent infection and ensure patient comfort, not povidone-iodine.