A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who will undergo amniocentesis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
This test detects fetal genetic abnormalities.
An empty bladder is required for the test.
An x-ray will be taken during needle placement.
This test determines the volume of amniotic fluid.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Amniocentesis is used to detect fetal genetic abnormalities, such as Down syndrome, by analyzing the amniotic fluid for genetic markers.
Choice B rationale
An empty bladder is required for the test only in late pregnancy to prevent bladder injury; however, in early pregnancy, a full bladder may be required to better visualize the uterus and amniotic fluid.
Choice C rationale
An x-ray is not typically used during the needle placement for amniocentesis. Ultrasound is the preferred method to guide the needle to avoid harm to the fetus and mother.
Choice D rationale
The test does not determine the volume of amniotic fluid; it is used primarily for genetic analysis, assessing fetal lung maturity, and diagnosing certain fetal infections.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
History of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is not directly related to the use of a cervical cap. The main concern with a cervical cap is infection, but MRSA history alone doesn't make it a contraindication for this form of contraception.
Choice B rationale
History of thrombophlebitis is more of a concern with hormonal contraceptives due to the risk of blood clots. A cervical cap does not involve hormones, so this condition is not a direct contraindication.
Choice C rationale
History of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a contraindication for the use of a cervical cap because the cap can increase the risk of developing TSS again. TSS is associated with prolonged use of barrier contraceptives, which can create an environment that fosters the growth of bacteria responsible for TSS.
Choice D rationale
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is not a direct contraindication for the use of a cervical cap. The concern with diabetes is often related to blood glucose control and potential infections, but it doesn't specifically contraindicate the use of cervical caps.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Bumper pads can pose a suffocation risk to the newborn. The American Academy of Pediatrics advises against their use to promote a safe sleep environment.
Choice B rationale
Foam-wedge cushions are not recommended as they can increase the risk of suffocation and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) by obstructing airflow.
Choice C rationale
Plastic covers can pose a suffocation hazard. Instead, using a fitted sheet is safer and reduces the risk of suffocation.
Choice D rationale
A well-fitting mattress reduces gaps between the mattress and crib sides, preventing entrapment, which helps reduce the risk of suffocation and injury.