A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who has a chronic illness about the DASH diet. Which of the following meals best fits the DASH diet?
Enriched cereal in whole milk
Turkey sandwich on whole wheat bread, green beans, and banana
Pork sausage and baked beans
Hamburger, steak fries, and an orange
The Correct Answer is B
A. Enriched cereal in whole milk. Whole milk is high in saturated fats, which the DASH diet aims to limit.
B. Turkey sandwich on whole wheat bread, green beans, and banana. This meal is balanced, low in saturated fats, high in fiber, and aligns well with the DASH diet principles.
C. Pork sausage and baked beans. Pork sausage is high in saturated fats and sodium, which should be limited in the DASH diet.
D. Hamburger, steak fries, and an orange. While the orange is DASH-friendly, the hamburger and fries are high in fats and sodium.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Schedule deep tissue massage with physical therapy. Massaging the area is contraindicated in cases of suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT), as it can dislodge the clot, leading to a pulmonary embolism.
B. Monitor Homan's sign. Homan’s sign (pain in the calf upon dorsiflexion) is no longer considered a reliable or safe assessment for DVT due to the risk of dislodging a clot.
C. Obtain platelet aggregation studies. Platelet aggregation studies are not specific to diagnosing a DVT; instead, imaging is preferred.
D. Arrange for a venous duplex ultrasound. A venous duplex ultrasound is a non-invasive test that can confirm the presence of a DVT in the affected extremity.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Obtain a blood sample. Although obtaining a blood sample is essential for cardiac enzyme levels, it is not the highest priority. Addressing oxygenation takes precedence to relieve hypoxia.
B. Initiate oxygen therapy. Oxygen is the first priority to improve oxygenation in a client showing signs of hypoxia (cyanosis, dyspnea), which can prevent further ischemic damage to the heart.
C. Attach the leads for a 12-lead ECG. While obtaining an ECG is essential for diagnosing myocardial ischemia, ensuring oxygenation is more critical in this moment.
D. Insert the IV catheter. An IV line is necessary to administer fluids and medications, but oxygenation should be prioritized first to stabilize the client.