A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who has a chronic illness about the DASH diet. Which of the following meals best fits the DASH diet?
Enriched cereal in whole milk
Turkey sandwich on whole wheat bread, green beans, and banana
Pork sausage and baked beans
Hamburger, steak fries, and an orange
The Correct Answer is B
A. Enriched cereal in whole milk. Whole milk is high in saturated fats, which the DASH diet aims to limit.
B. Turkey sandwich on whole wheat bread, green beans, and banana. This meal is balanced, low in saturated fats, high in fiber, and aligns well with the DASH diet principles.
C. Pork sausage and baked beans. Pork sausage is high in saturated fats and sodium, which should be limited in the DASH diet.
D. Hamburger, steak fries, and an orange. While the orange is DASH-friendly, the hamburger and fries are high in fats and sodium.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Obtain a blood sample. Although obtaining a blood sample is essential for cardiac enzyme levels, it is not the highest priority. Addressing oxygenation takes precedence to relieve hypoxia.
B. Initiate oxygen therapy. Oxygen is the first priority to improve oxygenation in a client showing signs of hypoxia (cyanosis, dyspnea), which can prevent further ischemic damage to the heart.
C. Attach the leads for a 12-lead ECG. While obtaining an ECG is essential for diagnosing myocardial ischemia, ensuring oxygenation is more critical in this moment.
D. Insert the IV catheter. An IV line is necessary to administer fluids and medications, but oxygenation should be prioritized first to stabilize the client.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Calcium 10 mg/dL: This calcium level is within the normal range (8.6-10.2 mg/dL) and does not require intervention.
B. Sodium 136 mEq/L: This sodium level is within the normal range (135-145 mEq/L).
C. Potassium 2.3 mEq/L: This potassium level is critically low; bumetanide is a loop diuretic that can cause hypokalemia, which can lead to dangerous cardiac dysrhythmias.
D. Magnesium 1.4 mEq/L: While slightly low, this magnesium level is only mildly decreased and not as immediately concerning as the potassium level.