A nurse is reinforcing teaching about insulin injections with a client who is newly diagnosed with type I diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse include about site selection?
Rotate the injection site to keep insulin levels consistent.
Massage the site after injection to promote absorption.
Insulin is absorbed most rapidly when injected in the thigh.
Use cold insulin for injection to minimize site pain.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Rotating injection sites is essential to prevent lipodystrophy and ensure consistent insulin absorption.
B. Massaging the injection site is not recommended, as it can alter the absorption rate and lead to unpredictable blood glucose levels.
C. Insulin is absorbed most rapidly when injected into the abdomen, not the thigh.
D. Using cold insulin is not advised as it can cause more pain during the injection; room temperature insulin is typically more comfortable for injections.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Wearing closed-toed shoes daily is important for foot protection but does not address the root cause of diabetic complications.
B. Annual eye examinations are essential, but they are part of a broader strategy for monitoring and preventing complications rather than the most critical preventive measure.
C. Examining feet daily can help detect injuries or complications early, but it does not prevent the underlying issues associated with diabetes.
D. Maintaining stable blood glucose levels is the most important action because it directly impacts the risk of developing complications such as retinopathy and neuropathy. Good glycemic control helps prevent the progression of these conditions.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Dry skin, rather than moist skin, is a common finding in hypothyroidism due to decreased metabolism and circulation.
B. Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is expected in hypothyroidism because of reduced metabolic activity and cardiac output.
C. Fatigue and increased sleep, not insomnia, are common in hypothyroidism due to decreased energy levels.
D. Blurred vision is not typically associated with hypothyroidism; vision changes are more common in hyperthyroidism, particularly with Graves' disease.