A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has osteoarthritis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Osteoarthritis is caused by inflammation that affects both joints and other body tissues.
Osteoarthritis occurs due to the aging process and results in disintegration of cartilage in a joint.
Osteoarthritis is due to loss of calcium in the bones, which can lead to increased risk for bone fractures.
Osteoarthritis happens in several phases when deposits of crystals develop in joints and soft tissues.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Osteoarthritis is caused by inflammation that affects both joints and other body tissues is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis, which is an autoimmune disease that causes systemic inflammation.
Choice B rationale
Osteoarthritis occurs due to the aging process and results in disintegration of cartilage in a joint is correct. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that primarily affects the cartilage, leading to its breakdown over time.
Choice C rationale
Osteoarthritis is due to loss of calcium in the bones, which can lead to increased risk for bone fractures is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of osteoporosis, a condition that weakens bones and makes them more prone to fractures.
Choice D rationale
Osteoarthritis happens in several phases when deposits of crystals develop in joints and soft tissues is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of gout, a type of arthritis caused by the deposition of urate crystals in the joints.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Constipation is not a common adverse effect of aspirin therapy. Aspirin primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract by causing irritation, which can lead to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Constipation is more commonly associated with medications that slow down bowel movements, such as opioids.
Choice B rationale
Blurred vision is not typically associated with aspirin therapy. Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drug (NSAID) that works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are involved in inflammation and pain. Blurred vision is more commonly associated with medications that affect the central nervous system or have anticholinergic effects.
Choice C rationale
Insomnia is not a common adverse effect of aspirin therapy. Aspirin does not have stimulant properties that would interfere with sleep. Insomnia is more commonly associated with medications that have stimulating effects, such as caffeine or certain antidepressants.
Choice D rationale
Bleeding is a well-known adverse effect of aspirin therapy. Aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation, which can increase the risk of bleeding. This can manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding, easy bruising, or prolonged bleeding from cuts. Patients taking aspirin should be monitored for signs of bleeding and advised to report any unusual bleeding to their healthcare provider.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Determining the patency of the tubing is the first action the nurse should take. If there is no urinary output, it is important to check for any kinks or blockages in the tubing that may be preventing the flow of urine. Ensuring the patency of the tubing can help resolve the issue without the need for further intervention.
Choice B rationale
Notifying the provider is not the first action the nurse should take. The nurse should first assess the situation and determine if there is a simple solution, such as checking the patency of the tubing, before escalating the issue to the provider.
Choice C rationale
Administering a prescribed analgesic is not the first action the nurse should take. While pain management is important, it is crucial to address the lack of urinary output first to prevent complications such as bladder distention or damage.
Choice D rationale
Offering oral fluids is not the first action the nurse should take. While maintaining hydration is important, the immediate concern is to determine why there is no urinary output and address any potential blockages in the tubing.