A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has osteoarthritis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Osteoarthritis is caused by inflammation that affects both joints and other body tissues.
Osteoarthritis occurs due to the aging process and results in disintegration of cartilage in a joint.
Osteoarthritis is due to loss of calcium in the bones, which can lead to increased risk for bone fractures.
Osteoarthritis happens in several phases when deposits of crystals develop in joints and soft tissues.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Osteoarthritis is caused by inflammation that affects both joints and other body tissues is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis, which is an autoimmune disease that causes systemic inflammation.
Choice B rationale
Osteoarthritis occurs due to the aging process and results in disintegration of cartilage in a joint is correct. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that primarily affects the cartilage, leading to its breakdown over time.
Choice C rationale
Osteoarthritis is due to loss of calcium in the bones, which can lead to increased risk for bone fractures is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of osteoporosis, a condition that weakens bones and makes them more prone to fractures.
Choice D rationale
Osteoarthritis happens in several phases when deposits of crystals develop in joints and soft tissues is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of gout, a type of arthritis caused by the deposition of urate crystals in the joints.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Cabbage is not a significant source of potassium. While it is a healthy vegetable, it does not provide the necessary potassium to help raise serum potassium levels.
Choice B rationale
Cheddar cheese is also not a high-potassium food. It is rich in calcium and protein but does not significantly contribute to potassium intake.
Choice C rationale
Bananas are well-known for their high potassium content. Including bananas in the diet can help increase serum potassium levels, which is beneficial for a client taking furosemide, a diuretic that can cause potassium loss.
Choice D rationale
Potatoes are another excellent source of potassium. However, the question specifies choosing one food, and bananas are a more commonly recommended option for increasing potassium intake.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
ChoiceA rationale
Placing a sandbag to the lateral calf is not an effective method to prevent hip dislocation.Sandbagsaretypicallyusedtoprovidesupportandimmobilizationinothercontexts,suchasstabilizing fractures. They do not provide the necessary support to prevent hip dislocationafteratotalhiparthroplasty.
ChoiceB rationale
Placingawedgepillowbetweenthelegsisaneffectivemethodto preventhipdislocationaftera total hip arthroplasty. The wedge pillow helps to maintain proper alignment of the hip jointby keeping the legs abducted (apart) and preventing adduction (bringing the legs together),whichcancausedislocation.
ChoiceCrationale
Placing a trochanter roll against the thigh is not specifically aimed at preventing hipdislocation. Trochanter rolls are used to prevent external rotation of the hip in patients whoareimmobile,buttheydonotprovidethenecessarysupporttopreventdislocationafterhipsurgery.
ChoiceD rationale
Placing a footboard on the bed is not an effective method to prevent hip dislocation.Footboardsareusedtoprovidesupporttothefeetandpreventfootdropinbedriddenpatients,buttheydo notaddresstheriskofhipdislocation.