A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has osteoarthritis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Osteoarthritis is caused by inflammation that affects both joints and other body tissues.
Osteoarthritis occurs due to the aging process and results in disintegration of cartilage in a joint.
Osteoarthritis is due to loss of calcium in the bones, which can lead to increased risk for bone fractures.
Osteoarthritis happens in several phases when deposits of crystals develop in joints and soft tissues.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Osteoarthritis is caused by inflammation that affects both joints and other body tissues is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis, which is an autoimmune disease that causes systemic inflammation.
Choice B rationale
Osteoarthritis occurs due to the aging process and results in disintegration of cartilage in a joint is correct. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that primarily affects the cartilage, leading to its breakdown over time.
Choice C rationale
Osteoarthritis is due to loss of calcium in the bones, which can lead to increased risk for bone fractures is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of osteoporosis, a condition that weakens bones and makes them more prone to fractures.
Choice D rationale
Osteoarthritis happens in several phases when deposits of crystals develop in joints and soft tissues is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of gout, a type of arthritis caused by the deposition of urate crystals in the joints.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Cabbage is not a significant source of potassium. While it is a healthy vegetable, it does not provide the necessary potassium to help raise serum potassium levels.
Choice B rationale
Cheddar cheese is also not a high-potassium food. It is rich in calcium and protein but does not significantly contribute to potassium intake.
Choice C rationale
Bananas are well-known for their high potassium content. Including bananas in the diet can help increase serum potassium levels, which is beneficial for a client taking furosemide, a diuretic that can cause potassium loss.
Choice D rationale
Potatoes are another excellent source of potassium. However, the question specifies choosing one food, and bananas are a more commonly recommended option for increasing potassium intake.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Taking temperature weekly is incorrect. Clients with neutropenia are at high risk for infections due to their low white blood cell count. Therefore, they should monitor their temperature daily to detect any signs of infection early.
Choice B rationale
Participating in gardening for mild exercise is incorrect. Gardening can expose individuals to soil-borne organisms that could lead to infections, which is particularly dangerous for neutropenic patients.
Choice C rationale
Eating plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables is incorrect. Fresh fruits and vegetables can harbor bacteria and other pathogens that can cause infections in neutropenic patients. It is safer to consume cooked or canned foods.
Choice D rationale
Avoiding crowded places is correct. Neutropenic patients should avoid crowded places to reduce their risk of exposure to infections.