A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has osteoarthritis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Osteoarthritis is caused by inflammation that affects both joints and other body tissues.
Osteoarthritis occurs due to the aging process and results in disintegration of cartilage in a joint.
Osteoarthritis is due to loss of calcium in the bones, which can lead to increased risk for bone fractures.
Osteoarthritis happens in several phases when deposits of crystals develop in joints and soft tissues.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Osteoarthritis is caused by inflammation that affects both joints and other body tissues is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis, which is an autoimmune disease that causes systemic inflammation.
Choice B rationale
Osteoarthritis occurs due to the aging process and results in disintegration of cartilage in a joint is correct. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that primarily affects the cartilage, leading to its breakdown over time.
Choice C rationale
Osteoarthritis is due to loss of calcium in the bones, which can lead to increased risk for bone fractures is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of osteoporosis, a condition that weakens bones and makes them more prone to fractures.
Choice D rationale
Osteoarthritis happens in several phases when deposits of crystals develop in joints and soft tissues is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of gout, a type of arthritis caused by the deposition of urate crystals in the joints.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Avoiding bubble baths is a correct measure for preventing UTIs. Bubble baths can irritate the urethra and increase the risk of infection by allowing bacteria to enter the urinary tract. The warm, soapy water can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the genital area, making it easier for harmful bacteria to thrive and cause infections.
Choice B rationale
Voiding after sexual intercourse is a correct measure for preventing UTIs. During sexual activity, bacteria can be introduced into the urethra. By urinating after intercourse, the client can help flush out any bacteria that may have entered the urinary tract, reducing the risk of infection.
Choice C rationale
Wiping the perineal area from back to front after urination is incorrect and indicates the need for further teaching. This practice can transfer bacteria from the anal area to the urethra, increasing the risk of UTIs. The correct method is to wipe from front to back to prevent the spread of bacteria.
Choice D rationale
Drinking at least 8 full glasses of liquid each day is a correct measure for preventing UTIs. Adequate hydration helps flush bacteria from the urinary tract, reducing the risk of infection. Drinking plenty of fluids ensures that the bladder is emptied regularly, which helps prevent the buildup of bacteria.t
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Taking temperature weekly is incorrect. Clients with neutropenia are at high risk for infections due to their low white blood cell count. Therefore, they should monitor their temperature daily to detect any signs of infection early.
Choice B rationale
Participating in gardening for mild exercise is incorrect. Gardening can expose individuals to soil-borne organisms that could lead to infections, which is particularly dangerous for neutropenic patients.
Choice C rationale
Eating plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables is incorrect. Fresh fruits and vegetables can harbor bacteria and other pathogens that can cause infections in neutropenic patients. It is safer to consume cooked or canned foods.
Choice D rationale
Avoiding crowded places is correct. Neutropenic patients should avoid crowded places to reduce their risk of exposure to infections.