A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has osteoarthritis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Osteoarthritis is caused by inflammation that affects both joints and other body tissues.
Osteoarthritis occurs due to the aging process and results in disintegration of cartilage in a joint.
Osteoarthritis is due to loss of calcium in the bones, which can lead to increased risk for bone fractures.
Osteoarthritis happens in several phases when deposits of crystals develop in joints and soft tissues.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Osteoarthritis is caused by inflammation that affects both joints and other body tissues is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis, which is an autoimmune disease that causes systemic inflammation.
Choice B rationale
Osteoarthritis occurs due to the aging process and results in disintegration of cartilage in a joint is correct. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that primarily affects the cartilage, leading to its breakdown over time.
Choice C rationale
Osteoarthritis is due to loss of calcium in the bones, which can lead to increased risk for bone fractures is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of osteoporosis, a condition that weakens bones and makes them more prone to fractures.
Choice D rationale
Osteoarthritis happens in several phases when deposits of crystals develop in joints and soft tissues is incorrect. This description is more characteristic of gout, a type of arthritis caused by the deposition of urate crystals in the joints.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A serum creatinine test does not inform the provider about anemia. Anemia is typically diagnosed through a complete blood count (CBC) test, which measures the levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit in the blood.
Choice B rationale
A serum creatinine test does not provide information about infections. Infections are usually diagnosed through clinical evaluation and specific tests such as blood cultures, urine cultures, or imaging studies.
Choice C rationale
A serum creatinine test measures the level of creatinine in the blood, which is an indicator of kidney function. Elevated creatinine levels can indicate impaired kidney function or kidney disease.
Choice D rationale
A serum creatinine test does not provide information about thyroid disorders. Thyroid function is typically assessed through tests that measure levels of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the blood.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Increased urine ketones are more commonly associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) rather than fluid volume deficit. DKA involves the breakdown of fat for energy, leading to ketone production.
Choice B rationale
Increased urine specific gravity is an expected finding in fluid volume deficit. It indicates concentrated urine due to decreased fluid intake or excessive fluid loss.
Choice C rationale
Decreased hematocrit is not typically associated with fluid volume deficit. In fact, hematocrit levels may be elevated due to hemoconcentration when there is a significant loss of fluid.
Choice D rationale
Decreased urine output is a common sign of fluid volume deficit. The body conserves water by reducing urine production to maintain fluid balance.