A nurse is receiving a patient from the emergency room (ER) with an admitting diagnosis of hypothyroid disorder.
Admitting diagnosis
acute hypothyroid disorder
Physician order
Synthroid 0.1 mg po daily
The receiving medical- surgical nurse would expect the patient to exhibit which signs and symptoms? Select all that apply
cold intolerance
depression dry skin
weakness and fatigue
constipation
mental alertness
Correct Answer : A,B,C,D
A. Cold intolerance: Patients with hypothyroidism often have difficulty regulating body temperature, leading to a heightened sensitivity to cold.
B. Depression: Hypothyroidism can affect mood and cognitive function, often leading to symptoms of depression.
C. Weakness and fatigue: Low thyroid hormone levels can cause significant fatigue and muscle weakness due to a slower metabolism.
D. Constipation: A slowed metabolism can also affect gastrointestinal motility, resulting in constipation.
E. Mental alertness: This is typically not expected in hypothyroid patients. In fact, they may experience cognitive impairments, memory issues, or slowed thinking rather than mental alertness.
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Correct Answer is ["B","D","E","F"]
Explanation
A. Hypoactive oil and sweat glands: Pregnancy typically causes increased activity in oil and sweat glands, not decreased.
B. Increased skin pigmentation: Increased pigmentation is common during pregnancy, often affecting areas like the areolas and abdomen.
C. Persistent migraine headaches: While some women may experience headaches in pregnancy, they are not an expected or typical finding and may require further assessment.
D. Facial edema: Mild facial edema can occur as pregnancy progresses, especially due to increased blood volume and fluid retention.
E. Melasma: Melasma, or "mask of pregnancy," is a common finding characterized by dark patches on the face due to hormonal changes.
F. Linea nigra: Linea nigra is a dark line that often appears on the abdomen during pregnancy as a result of hormonal changes.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Obesity is a modifiable risk factor, as it can be addressed through lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise.
B. Race is a nonmodifiable risk factor; certain races may have a higher risk of stroke due to genetic and environmental factors.
C. History of smoking is a modifiable risk factor because individuals can choose to quit smoking to reduce their risk of stroke.
D. History of hypertension is also a modifiable risk factor; while having high blood pressure increases the risk of stroke, it can be managed with lifestyle changes and medications.