A nurse is providing teaching to a school-age client who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I will reduce my insulin dose if I am sick."
"I will eat a snack half an hour before playing soccer."
"I will count the amount of fat calories I consume to manage my diabetes."
"I will check my blood glucose level after meals."
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Insulin doses should not be reduced when sick, as illness often increases blood glucose levels.
B. Eating a snack before physical activity helps prevent hypoglycemia, demonstrating a good understanding of how to manage blood glucose levels during exercise.
C. Counting carbohydrates, not fat calories, is essential for managing blood glucose levels in diabetes.
D. Blood glucose levels are typically checked before meals and at other key times, rather than only after meals.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Bronchiolitis usually presents with wheezing and difficulty breathing, not drooling or inability to cough.
B. Asthma typically presents with wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing, but not with drooling or an inability to cough.
C. Nasopharyngitis, or the common cold, usually causes symptoms like runny nose, cough, and sore throat, but not drooling or agitation.
D. Bacterial epiglottitis is a life-threatening condition characterized by drooling, agitation, inability to cough, and potential airway obstruction. The child often appears anxious and sits leaning forward in a "tripod" position.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Acetaminophen can be used to manage mild discomfort after cardiac catheterization. It is a safe option for pain relief and is commonly recommended for children following the procedure.
B. Bed rest is typically recommended for a shorter duration, often 24 hours, not a full week. Extended bed rest is not usually required unless complications occur.
C. The diet should be advanced as tolerated, but there is no specific requirement to wait 24 hours; this will depend on the child’s recovery and tolerance.
D. Bathing recommendations often include avoiding submerging the site in water, so a tub bath may not be advised for the first few days to prevent infection. Sponge baths might be recommended instead.