A nurse is providing teaching to a school-age client who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I will reduce my insulin dose if I am sick."
"I will eat a snack half an hour before playing soccer."
"I will count the amount of fat calories I consume to manage my diabetes."
"I will check my blood glucose level after meals."
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Insulin doses should not be reduced when sick, as illness often increases blood glucose levels.
B. Eating a snack before physical activity helps prevent hypoglycemia, demonstrating a good understanding of how to manage blood glucose levels during exercise.
C. Counting carbohydrates, not fat calories, is essential for managing blood glucose levels in diabetes.
D. Blood glucose levels are typically checked before meals and at other key times, rather than only after meals.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. While reviewing the CBC is important, it is not the priority.
B. Assessing joint pain is necessary for managing symptoms, but it is not the most critical initial action.
C. Evaluating the erythematous rash is part of the assessment, but it does not take precedence.
D. Auscultating the heart is the priority because acute rheumatic fever can lead to carditis, which can cause significant and potentially life-threatening heart complications. Early detection of abnormal heart sounds is crucial.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. If NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) are ineffective in managing symptoms of JIA, the healthcare provider needs to be notified as other treatments, such as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or biologics, may be necessary.
B. Warm compresses, rather than cool compresses, are typically recommended to relieve joint pain and stiffness in JIA.
C. While rest is important, excessive napping can lead to stiffness and decreased mobility. Regular, gentle activity is encouraged to maintain joint function.
D. High-impact exercises like running may be too strenuous for children with JIA and can exacerbate joint pain. Low-impact activities such as swimming or cycling are generally recommended to promote range of motion without putting undue stress on the joints.