A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a duodenal ulcer and is starting to take sucralfate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Take this medication with meals.
Reduce dietary fiber while taking the medication.
Administer an antacid with the medication.
Increase fluid intake while taking the medication.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Sucralfate should be taken on an empty stomach, not with meals, to ensure it coats the ulcer effectively.
Choice B rationale
There is no need to reduce dietary fiber while taking sucralfate. Fiber intake does not interfere with the medication’s effectiveness.
Choice C rationale
Antacids should not be taken within 30 minutes before or after taking sucralfate, as they can interfere with its action.
Choice D rationale
Increasing fluid intake is recommended while taking sucralfate to help prevent constipation, a common side effect of the medication.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Benzonatate is a non-narcotic cough suppressant that works by numbing the throat and lungs, making the cough reflex less active. It can cause drowsiness and dizziness, so patients are advised not to drive or operate heavy machinery while taking this medication.
Choice B rationale
Benzonatate does not help in coughing up mucus. It suppresses the cough reflex, which can be beneficial for dry, irritating coughs but is not suitable for productive coughs where mucus needs to be expelled.
Choice C rationale
There is no need to decrease dietary fiber intake while taking benzonatate. Dietary fiber does not interact with the medication or its effectiveness.
Choice D rationale
Benzonatate capsules should not be chewed or crushed, as this can cause numbness of the mouth and throat, leading to potential choking hazards.
Correct Answer is ["A","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Muscle weakness is a common symptom of hypokalemia due to decreased potassium levels affecting muscle function.
Choice B rationale
Hyperactive bowel sounds can indicate hypokalemia because potassium is essential for normal gastrointestinal motility. Low potassium levels can lead to increased activity in the intestines, resulting in hyperactive bowel sounds.
Choice C rationale
Tingling of fingers, or paresthesia, can be a symptom of hypokalemia, as low potassium levels may affect nerve conduction. This results in abnormal sensations like tingling or numbness.
Choice D rationale
Peaked T waves are more commonly associated with hyperkalemia rather than hypokalemia. Therefore, this option would not indicate hypokalemia. However, a nurse should be vigilant about monitoring potassium levels as both conditions can lead to significant cardiovascular effects.
Choice E rationale
Fatigue is another symptom of hypokalemia as low potassium levels can impair cellular function and energy production.