A nurse is providing instructions about a 24-hour urine collection to an adolescent client. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
Discard the first voided specimen.
Void every hour.
Save the final specimen in a separate container.
Cleanse the perineum with a povidone-iodine solution prior to voiding.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
The first voided specimen is discarded to ensure that the 24-hour urine collection starts with an empty bladder and accurately reflects the urine produced over the entire period.
Choice B rationale
Voiding every hour is not necessary and may not be practical for a 24-hour urine collection.
Choice C rationale
The final specimen should be included in the same container as the rest of the 24-hour urine collection.
Choice D rationale
Cleansing the perineum with a povidone-iodine solution is not required for a 24-hour urine collection.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Reinforcing the dressing may be necessary, but controlling bleeding is the immediate priority. Applying pressure just above the insertion site is the first step to control bleeding and prevent further blood loss.
Choice B rationale
Applying pressure just above the insertion site is the first step to control bleeding and prevent further blood loss. This action helps to stop the bleeding and stabilize the patient.
Choice C rationale
Obtaining vital signs is important, but it can wait momentarily until the bleeding is under control. The immediate priority is to stop the bleeding.
Choice D rationale
Monitoring the pulse distal to the insertion site is important, but controlling bleeding takes precedence. Once the bleeding is controlled, the nurse can then monitor the pulse
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Abstinence from sexual activity is the only certain way to prevent STIs. Abstinence means not having vaginal, anal, or oral sex, which eliminates the risk of transmission of STIs. Therefore, the statement that abstinence does not prevent STIs is incorrect.
Choice B rationale
Adolescents are at a higher risk of contracting STIs compared to other age groups. This is due to factors such as higher rates of unprotected sex, multiple sexual partners, and biological susceptibility.
Choice C rationale
Prompt treatment of STIs can prevent complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, and chronic pain. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in managing and preventing the spread of STIs.
Choice D rationale
Having one sexual partner does not eliminate the risk of contracting STIs. If the partner is infected or has had previous sexual partners who were infected, there is still a risk of transmission.