A nurse is providing discharge instructions to the parent of a 10-year-old child following a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Give the child acetaminophen for discomfort.
Keep the child home for 1 week.
Assist the child to take a tub bath for the first 3 days.
Offer the child clear liquids for the first 24 hours.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Giving the child acetaminophen for discomfort is appropriate as it helps manage pain without interfering with the healing process.
Choice B rationale
Keeping the child home for 1 week is not necessary unless there are specific complications or instructions from the healthcare provider.
Choice C rationale
Assisting the child to take a tub bath for the first 3 days is not recommended as it may increase the risk of infection at the catheter insertion site.
Choice D rationale
Offering the child clear liquids for the first 24 hours is not necessary unless there are specific dietary restrictions from the healthcare provider.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Prostate cancer mortality is more than double for Black American males than for other groups. This is a significant consideration when creating a plan of care for prostate screening in high- risk populations. Black American males have a higher incidence and mortality rate of prostate cancer compared to other racial and ethnic groups. This disparity is attributed to a combination of genetic, socioeconomic, and healthcare access factors. Therefore, targeted screening and early detection efforts are crucial for this high-risk population to improve outcomes and reduce mortality rates.
Choice B rationale
Occupational toxic exposure among factory workers can increase the risk of various cancers, including prostate cancer. However, this is not the most important consideration when creating a plan of care for prostate screening in high-risk populations. While occupational exposure is a risk factor, it does not have the same level of impact on prostate cancer incidence and mortality as race and family history. Screening efforts should prioritize those with the highest risk, such as Black American males and individuals with a family history of prostate cancer.
Choice C rationale
Dietary factors can influence the risk of prostate cancer, but the impact is not as significant as other risk factors such as race and family history. While a healthy diet is important for overall health and may help reduce cancer risk, it is not the primary consideration for prostate screening in high-risk populations. Screening efforts should focus on those with the highest risk based on genetic and demographic factors, rather than dietary habits alone.
Choice D rationale
A computed tomography (CT) scan is not the best way to determine prostate cancer risk. The primary screening method for prostate cancer is the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test, often combined with a digital rectal exam (DRE). CT scans are not typically used for initial screening but may be employed for further evaluation if there are abnormal findings on PSA or DRE. The focus should be on using established screening methods to identify high-risk individuals and provide early detection and intervention.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Asking appropriate questions about suctioning indicates interest and understanding but does not demonstrate the ability to perform the procedure.
Choice B rationale
Performing the procedure independently shows that the partner has the necessary skills and confidence to care for the client at home.
Choice C rationale
Attending a class about tracheostomy care is beneficial but does not demonstrate the ability to perform the procedure independently.
Choice D rationale
Verbalizing all steps in the procedure indicates knowledge but does not demonstrate the practical ability to perform the procedure.