A nurse is providing discharge instructions to the parent of a 10-year-old child following a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Give the child acetaminophen for discomfort.
Keep the child home for 1 week.
Assist the child to take a tub bath for the first 3 days.
Offer the child clear liquids for the first 24 hours.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Giving the child acetaminophen for discomfort is appropriate as it helps manage pain without interfering with the healing process.
Choice B rationale
Keeping the child home for 1 week is not necessary unless there are specific complications or instructions from the healthcare provider.
Choice C rationale
Assisting the child to take a tub bath for the first 3 days is not recommended as it may increase the risk of infection at the catheter insertion site.
Choice D rationale
Offering the child clear liquids for the first 24 hours is not necessary unless there are specific dietary restrictions from the healthcare provider.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is characterized by a rapid heart rate originating above the ventricles, typically with a regular rhythm and identifiable P waves. The described ECG strip shows an irregular rhythm and an inability to identify P waves, which is not consistent with SVT5.
Choice B rationale
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by an irregularly irregular rhythm, absence of identifiable P waves, and variable PR intervals. The ECG findings of an irregular rhythm, inability to identify P waves, and a QRS duration of 0.10 seconds are consistent with AF6.
Choice C rationale
Sinus bradycardia is characterized by a regular rhythm with a heart rate less than 60 beats per minute and identifiable P waves preceding each QRS complex. The described ECG strip shows an irregular rhythm and an inability to identify P waves, which is not consistent with sinus bradycardia.
Choice D rationale
First-degree heart block is characterized by a prolonged PR interval with a regular rhythm. The described ECG strip shows an irregular rhythm and an inability to measure the PR interval, which is not consistent with first-degree heart block.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Coronary arteries decrease in diameter leading to insufficient blood, oxygen, and nutrients reaching the heart muscle. This is correct because atherosclerosis, which is the buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries, causes the arteries to narrow. This narrowing reduces blood flow to the heart muscle, leading to ischemia and the manifestations of coronary artery disease, such as angina and myocardial infarction.
Choice B rationale
Manifestations occur due to dilation of coronary arteries with increased blood flow causing increased pressure. This is incorrect because the primary issue in coronary artery disease is the narrowing of the arteries, not their dilation. Increased blood flow and pressure are not typical causes of the manifestations of coronary artery disease.
Choice C rationale
Coronary arteries become more elastic causing the arteries to stretch as individuals age causing the heart not to receive enough oxygen. This is incorrect because the problem in coronary artery disease is not increased elasticity but rather the loss of elasticity and the buildup of plaque that narrows the arteries. As people age, the arteries tend to become less elastic, not more.
Choice D rationale
The heart and the coronary arteries weaken, leading to poor perfusion and resulting in angina. This is incorrect because the primary issue in coronary artery disease is the narrowing of the coronary arteries due to plaque buildup, not the weakening of the heart and arteries. While poor perfusion does result in angina, it is due to the narrowed arteries rather than weakened structures.