A nurse is providing care to a client with Myasthenia gravis who has lost 6 kg of weight over the past 2 months. What should the nurse suggest to improve this client’s nutritional status?
Restrict drinking fluids before and during meals.
Plan medication doses to occur before meals.
Increase the amount of fat and carbohydrates in meals.
Eat three large meals per day.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason:
Restricting drinking fluids before and during meals is not an appropriate suggestion for improving nutritional status. While it might help prevent early satiety in some cases, it does not address the underlying issues related to Myasthenia gravis, such as muscle weakness affecting chewing and swallowing.
Choice B reason:
Planning medication doses to occur before meals is a crucial strategy for clients with Myasthenia gravis. Medications such as anticholinesterase agents can help improve muscle strength, making it easier for the client to chew and swallow food. This approach can enhance the client’s ability to consume adequate nutrition during meals.
Choice C reason:
Increasing the amount of fat and carbohydrates in meals might help with caloric intake, but it does not address the specific challenges faced by clients with Myasthenia gravis. The focus should be on strategies that improve the client’s ability to eat effectively, rather than just altering the macronutrient composition of meals.
Choice D reason:
Eating three large meals per day can be challenging for clients with Myasthenia gravis due to muscle fatigue. Smaller, more frequent meals are often recommended to help manage energy levels and ensure adequate nutrition without overwhelming the client.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment of disease to halt its progression. Examples include screening tests and early interventions. Advising a client with osteoporosis to consume dairy products is not aimed at early detection but rather at preventing the onset of complications by ensuring adequate calcium intake.
Choice B reason:
Primary prevention aims to prevent the onset of disease or injury before it occurs. This includes measures such as vaccinations, lifestyle modifications, and dietary recommendations. Advising a client with osteoporosis to consume three servings of milk or dairy products daily is a primary prevention strategy. It helps to maintain bone density and prevent fractures by ensuring adequate calcium and vitamin D intake.
Choice C reason:
Proactive prevention is not a standard term used in public health or medical practice. The recognized levels of prevention are primary, secondary, and tertiary. Therefore, this option is not applicable in this context.
Choice D reason:
Tertiary prevention focuses on managing and mitigating the effects of an existing disease to prevent further complications and improve quality of life. This includes rehabilitation and ongoing treatment for chronic conditions. While advising a client with osteoporosis to consume dairy products can be part of managing the condition, it is primarily a preventive measure to avoid further bone loss and fractures, aligning more with primary prevention.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
A gradual onset of headache is more characteristic of other types of headaches or conditions, such as tension headaches or migraines. Hemorrhagic strokes, particularly those caused by a ruptured cerebral aneurysm, typically present with a sudden and severe headache, often described as the “worst headache of my life.” This sudden onset is due to the rapid accumulation of blood in the brain, which increases intracranial pressure and causes immediate symptoms.
Choice B reason:
Changes in consciousness are a common manifestation of a hemorrhagic stroke. The sudden bleeding into the brain can disrupt normal brain function, leading to symptoms such as confusion, lethargy, or loss of consciousness. These changes occur rapidly and are a key indicator of a serious neurological event. The nurse should be vigilant for any alterations in the client’s level of consciousness, as this can signify worsening of the condition and the need for immediate medical intervention.
Choice C reason:
A gradual onset of several hours is not typical for hemorrhagic strokes. These strokes usually present with sudden and severe symptoms due to the abrupt rupture of a blood vessel in the brain. The rapid increase in intracranial pressure from the bleeding causes immediate and severe symptoms, rather than a slow progression over hours.
Choice D reason:
A history of neurologic deficits lasting less than 1 hour is more indicative of a transient ischemic attack (TIA), also known as a mini-stroke. TIAs are temporary and resolve within a short period without causing permanent damage. In contrast, a hemorrhagic stroke caused by a ruptured cerebral aneurysm results in immediate and severe symptoms that do not resolve quickly and require urgent medical attention.