A nurse is providing care to a 1-year-old and has noted negativism.
Which statement by the nurse to the toddler will help decrease negativism when administering medications to the toddler?
You can take your medicine in the blue cup or the green cup.
Would you like to take your medicine now or later?
Can you take your medicine for me?
Will you be a good child and take your medicine? .
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
This choice offers the toddler control and options within boundaries. By allowing the child to choose between two cups, it reduces the power struggle inherent in negativism, where the child often says "no" to assert independence.
Choice B rationale
This choice presents a direct option of now or later, which may still lead to refusal due to the toddler's negativism. Toddlers often respond better to choices that are less direct.
Choice C rationale
Asking if the child can take the medicine is likely to result in a "no" due to the nature of negativism at this developmental stage. It does not give the toddler a sense of control or choice.
Choice D rationale
Asking the child to be "good" places a moral judgment on taking the medicine, which is not developmentally appropriate and may lead to resistance.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Negative behaviors characterized by the need for autonomy are typical of toddlers. According to Erikson, this stage is known as autonomy versus shame and doubt, where toddlers
assert their independence and develop self-control.
Choice B rationale
Erikson's stage of initiative versus guilt applies to preschool children, not toddlers. This stage involves children beginning to assert power and control over their environment through
directing play and other social interactions.
Choice C rationale
The need to start a task and complete it is associated with Erikson's stage of industry versus inferiority, which applies to school-aged children, not toddlers. This stage involves
developing a sense of pride in their accomplishments.
Choice D rationale
The discovery of their identity is a characteristic of Erikson's stage of identity versus role confusion, which pertains to adolescence. During this stage, teenagers work on refining a
sense of self.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Acrocyanosis is a common and typically benign condition in newborns, characterized by bluish discoloration of the hands and feet. It is not an immediate priority.
Choice B rationale
Respiratory distress is the priority assessment for a newborn immediately following a cesarean delivery. Ensuring the newborn has a patent airway and is breathing effectively is crucial for their survival and immediate well-being.
Choice C rationale
Hypothermia is a concern for newborns, but respiratory distress takes precedence as an immediate life-threatening condition.
Choice D rationale
Accidental lacerations can occur during a cesarean delivery, but they are usually not life-threatening and can be addressed after ensuring the newborn's respiratory status is stable. .