A nurse is providing an Inservice to newly graduated nurses. Which of the following vaccines would the nurse label as "live vaccines" and should be avoided by immunocompromised clients?Select All that Apply
Measles
Inactivated Polio
Mumps
Varicella
Rubella
Correct Answer : A,C,D,E
A. Measles: The measles vaccine is a live-attenuated vaccine, which contains a weakened form of the virus and should be avoided in immunocompromised clients due to the risk of infection.
B. Inactivated Polio: The inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) is not a live vaccine, as it uses killed virus, making it safe for immunocompromised clients.
C. Mumps: The mumps vaccine is a live-attenuated vaccine and is part of the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine. It should be avoided in clients with weakened immune systems.
D. Varicella: The varicella (chickenpox) vaccine is a live-attenuated vaccine. It should not be given to immunocompromised clients due to the potential risk of severe infection.
E. Rubella: The rubella vaccine is also a live-attenuated vaccine, included in the MMR vaccine, and is contraindicated in immunocompromised individuals.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Tendon rupture: Tendon rupture is not a side effect associated with estrogen blockers.
B. Phlebitis: While thromboembolic events are a risk, phlebitis (inflammation of a vein) is not a typical concern.
C. Increased risk of lymphomas: Estrogen blockers are not known to increase the risk of lymphomas.
D. Thromboembolic events: Estrogen blockers, such as tamoxifen, are associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic events (e.g., deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism).
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Alopecia: Alopecia is a common side effect of chemotherapy because these medications target rapidly dividing cells, including hair follicles.
B. Bone marrow suppression: Chemotherapy can cause bone marrow suppression, leading to decreased production of blood cells, increasing the risk of anemia, infections, and bleeding.
C. Extrapyramidal symptoms: Extrapyramidal symptoms are associated with antipsychotic medications, not chemotherapy. They include symptoms like tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia.
D. Bleeding: Due to bone marrow suppression, chemotherapy can decrease platelet counts, increasing the risk of bleeding.
E. Nausea: Nausea and vomiting are common adverse effects of chemotherapy due to the irritation of the gastrointestinal lining and activation of the vomiting center in the brain.