A nurse is presenting an in-service about the use of postural drainage for infants who have cystic fibrosis. Which of the following positions should the nurse identify as being contraindicated for the infant?
Sitting on a nurse’s lap leaning forward.
Supine.
Sitting on a nurse’s lap leaning backward.
Trendelenburg.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Sitting on a nurse’s lap leaning forward is a position that can be used for postural drainage in infants with cystic fibrosis. This position helps drain secretions from the upper lobes of the lungs.
Choice B rationale
The supine position (lying on the back) is also used for postural drainage to target different areas of the lungs. It is not contraindicated for infants with cystic fibrosis.
Choice C rationale
Sitting on a nurse’s lap leaning backward is another position that can be used for postural drainage. This position helps drain secretions from the lower lobes of the lungs.
Choice D rationale
The Trendelenburg position (lying flat on the back with the feet elevated higher than the head) is contraindicated for infants with cystic fibrosis. This position can increase the risk of gastroesophageal reflux and aspiration, which can worsen respiratory symptoms.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Projectile vomiting is a hallmark symptom of pyloric stenosis. It occurs due to the obstruction at the pylorus, causing forceful expulsion of stomach contents. This symptom typically appears in infants between 3 to 6 weeks of age.
Choice B rationale
A rigid abdomen is not a typical symptom of pyloric stenosis. It may indicate other abdominal issues, such as peritonitis or bowel obstruction.
Choice C rationale
Red currant jelly stools are associated with intussusception, not pyloric stenosis. Intussusception involves the telescoping of one part of the intestine into another, leading to bowel obstruction and characteristic stool appearance.
Choice D rationale
Distended neck veins are not related to pyloric stenosis. This symptom is more commonly associated with cardiac conditions or severe respiratory distress.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Reading a story every night is beneficial for cognitive and language development but does not specifically address the developmental task of autonomy versus shame and doubt, which is the focus for toddlers according to Erikson.
Choice B rationale
Allowing a toddler to pull a talking-duck toy fosters autonomy and independence, which are key aspects of Erikson’s developmental stage for toddlers. This activity encourages the child to explore and make choices independently.
Choice C rationale
Feeding the toddler his lunch does not promote autonomy. Instead, it may contribute to dependence, which is contrary to the developmental task of this age group.
Choice D rationale
Watching a puppet show on television is a passive activity that does not actively engage the child in developing autonomy or independence.