A nurse is preparing to suction a client. The pulse is 65 and pulse oximetry is 94%. Which finding will cause the nurse to stop suctioning?
Pulse 60
Pulse 90
Oxygen saturation of 92%
Oxygen saturation 89%
Blood pressure 130/80
The Correct Answer is D
A. A pulse of 60 is low but does not necessarily indicate a need to stop suctioning if the patient remains stable otherwise.
B. A pulse of 90 is within normal limits and does not require stopping suctioning.
C. An oxygen saturation of 92% is slightly low but still acceptable; suctioning can continue if the client is stable.
D. An oxygen saturation of 89% is below the acceptable threshold and indicates hypoxia, prompting the nurse to stop suctioning immediately to avoid further compromising the client's respiratory status.
E. A blood pressure of 130/80 is within normal limits and does not warrant cessation of suctioning.
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Correct Answer is E
Explanation
A. Normal sounds against the sternum would not be low-pitched or soft; they would typically be more pronounced.
B. Bronchovesicular sounds are medium-pitched and are not expected in the lower lobes; they are usually heard in the central area.
C. Bronchial sounds are high-pitched and hollow, typically heard over the trachea, not in the lower lobes.
D. Normal sounds over the trachea would not be described as low-pitched or soft.
E. Vesicular breath sounds are soft, low-pitched, and normal over peripheral lung fields, including the lower lobes, making this the correct interpretation.
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
A. In asthma, increased airway resistance can lead to decreased fremitus due to air trapping and poor conduction of vibrations.
B. Emphysema results in hyperinflated lungs, which typically decreases tactile fremitus because of increased air in the alveoli.
C. Pneumothorax involves air in the pleural space, leading to decreased tactile fremitus as well, since air does not conduct vibrations well.
D. Acute bronchitis can cause some changes in fremitus, but it typically does not significantly increase it.
E. Pneumonia causes consolidation of lung tissue, which increases tactile fremitus due to enhanced transmission of vibrations through solidified lung tissue.