A nurse is preparing to measure an infant's vital signs. The nurse should use which of the following sites to assess a heart rate?
Brachial artery
Radial artery
Apex of the heart
Carotid artery
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. The brachial artery is commonly used to assess the heart rate in infants due to its accessibility and the ease of palpation in smaller limbs.
B. The radial artery is not typically used in infants because it is less accessible and not as easily palpated in this age group.
C. While the apex of the heart is where heart sounds are best auscultated, it is not used to palpate the pulse in infants.
D. The carotid artery is not typically used for assessing the heart rate in infants due to the risk of applying excessive pressure.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Isosorbide dinitrate is a nitrate that helps to dilate blood vessels and reduce the workload on the heart. It is generally safe for clients with asthma.
B. Carvedilol is a beta-blocker used to manage heart failure, but it can also cause bronchoconstriction, which is dangerous for clients with asthma. Beta-blockers can exacerbate asthma symptoms, so clarification is needed before administration.
C. Fluticasone is a corticosteroid commonly used to manage asthma and other respiratory conditions; it is not contraindicated for this client.
D. Captopril is an ACE inhibitor used to treat heart failure and does not pose a risk for clients with asthma.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Toddlers are beginning to cooperate in simple chores and tasks, which aligns with their developmental stage.
B. Toddlers often struggle with separation anxiety and do not separate easily from their caregivers.
C. Understanding the difference between right and wrong is a skill that develops later, typically around age 4 or older.
D. Printing letters and numbers is beyond the developmental capabilities of a toddler and is expected later in early childhood.