A nurse is preparing to measure an infant's vital signs. The nurse should use which of the following sites to assess a heart rate?
Brachial artery
Radial artery
Apex of the heart
Carotid artery
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. The brachial artery is commonly used to assess the heart rate in infants due to its accessibility and the ease of palpation in smaller limbs.
B. The radial artery is not typically used in infants because it is less accessible and not as easily palpated in this age group.
C. While the apex of the heart is where heart sounds are best auscultated, it is not used to palpate the pulse in infants.
D. The carotid artery is not typically used for assessing the heart rate in infants due to the risk of applying excessive pressure.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Rest is recommended until the child recovers, as exertion can worsen symptoms and delay healing.
B. While streptococcal infections can lead to complications, a tooth abscess is not a typical concern.
C. Completing the entire course of antibiotics is crucial to prevent complications such as rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis.
D. Swollen lymph nodes are common, but they typically do not obstruct the airway in streptococcal pharyngitis.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Gastritis in the father is unrelated to rheumatic fever, which is linked to streptococcal infections, not gastrointestinal issues.
B. Chickenpox, caused by the varicella-zoster virus, is not related to rheumatic fever.
C. A sibling who had a sore throat 3 weeks ago is significant because rheumatic fever often follows an untreated or inadequately treated streptococcal throat infection. Recognizing a recent history of streptococcal infection is key to understanding the source of the child's rheumatic fever.
D. Fifth disease, caused by parvovirus B19, is also unrelated to rheumatic fever.