A nurse is preparing to measure an infant's vital signs. The nurse should use which of the following sites to assess a heart rate?
Brachial artery
Radial artery
Apex of the heart
Carotid artery
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. The brachial artery is commonly used to assess the heart rate in infants due to its accessibility and the ease of palpation in smaller limbs.
B. The radial artery is not typically used in infants because it is less accessible and not as easily palpated in this age group.
C. While the apex of the heart is where heart sounds are best auscultated, it is not used to palpate the pulse in infants.
D. The carotid artery is not typically used for assessing the heart rate in infants due to the risk of applying excessive pressure.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
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A. A stool fat content analysis can indicate malabsorption issues but is not definitive for cystic fibrosis.
B. Pulmonary function tests assess lung function but do not confirm cystic fibrosis.
C. The sweat chloride test is the primary diagnostic test for cystic fibrosis, as it measures the amount of chloride in sweat, which is elevated in this condition.
D. A sputum culture can help identify respiratory infections but does not confirm cystic fibrosis.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. While diet can influence behavior, the concern here is the child’s developmental stage, making this response less relevant.
B. Discussing discipline is important, but understanding normal developmental behaviors is more appropriate in this context.
C. Explaining that temper tantrums are normal for toddlers, who are starting to develop a sense of autonomy, helps reassure the parent that this behavior is typical and part of the child's development.
D. Suggesting parenting books might be helpful, but it does not directly address the parent's immediate concern about the behavior.