A nurse is preparing to administer fentanyl 400 mcg via the buccal route. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Dissolve the tablet in 118 mL (4 oz) liquid.
Have the client chew the medication before swallowing.
Mix the medication in 5 mL (1 tsp) soft food.
Place the tablet between the client's cheek and gums.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Dissolve the tablet in 118 mL (4 oz) liquid: This option is incorrect because buccal tablets are specifically designed to dissolve in the mouth without liquid. Using liquid can dilute the medication and hinder effective absorption.
B. Have the client chew the medication before swallowing: Chewing the buccal tablet is not appropriate, as it can lead to rapid release and loss of the intended slow absorption through the mucous membranes. This method undermines the effectiveness of the medication.
C. Mix the medication in 5 mL (1 tsp) soft food: This action is also incorrect, as mixing the buccal tablet with food may interfere with its absorption. Buccal medications are intended to dissolve between the cheek and gums for optimal effect.
D. Place the tablet between the client's cheek and gums: This is the correct method for administering a buccal tablet. This placement allows the medication to dissolve slowly and be absorbed effectively through the buccal mucosa, providing the desired therapeutic effect.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Dose: It is critical to confirm the specific dosage of buspirone (e.g., milligrams per tablet) before administering the medication. The correct dosage ensures that the client receives an effective and safe amount of the drug, optimizing treatment outcomes. Administering an incorrect dose could lead to insufficient therapeutic effects or increased risk of side effects, which can be particularly important in medications affecting anxiety and mood.
B. Medication: The medication is already clearly specified as buspirone in the prescription, so there is no need to add or clarify this component. The clarity of the medication name is crucial for safe administration.
C. Route: The prescription explicitly states the route as "PO" (by mouth), meaning no further clarification or addition is necessary. Clear documentation of the route is vital for ensuring the medication is taken as intended, minimizing the risk of administration errors.
D. Frequency: The frequency of "every 12 hr" is clearly indicated, meaning it does not require any modification. Proper frequency ensures that the medication maintains its effectiveness, and having it specified helps prevent potential overdosing or subtherapeutic dosing.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Medication: The prescription specifies escitalopram, which is a well-known selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used to treat depression. There is no ambiguity regarding the medication itself, making this aspect clear.
B. Time: While escitalopram can be taken at any time of day, it is important to clarify whether it should be taken in the morning or evening, especially if the client has a history of sleep disturbances. This timing can impact the client's daily routine and overall treatment effectiveness, so confirming the preferred time for administration is essential.
C. Dose: The prescribed dose of 10 mg daily falls within the typical therapeutic range for escitalopram. This dosage is standard for initiating treatment, so there is no need for clarification on this point.
D. Route: The prescription states that the medication is to be taken orally, which is the standard route for escitalopram. There is no confusion regarding the route of administration, making this aspect clear as well.