A nurse is preparing to administer a vaccine to a 4-year-old child.
Which of the following vaccines should the nurse administer?
Hepatitis B (HepB).
Meningococcal (MenACWY).
Varicella (VAR).
Human papillomavirus (HPV).
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Hepatitis B (HepB) is typically given at birth and in subsequent doses but isn't scheduled for 4-year-olds.
Choice B rationale
Meningococcal (MenACWY) vaccine is generally recommended for older children and adolescents.
Choice C rationale
Varicella (VAR) vaccine is recommended for children around 4 years old to protect against chickenpox.
Choice D rationale
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is recommended for preteens starting at age 11, not 4-year-olds.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The deltoid muscle is not recommended for newborns due to its small size and underdevelopment.
Choice B rationale
The vastus lateralis muscle is well-developed in newborns and has a large enough surface area to safely accommodate injections.
Choice C rationale
The gluteus maximus muscle is not suitable for newborn injections due to the risk of nerve damage.
Choice D rationale
The rectus femoris muscle is less commonly used due to the potential for more pain and discomfort.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While knowing the adverse effects of medication is important, understanding why the child is taking the medication is crucial for ensuring adherence and proper administration.
Choice B rationale
Stopping medication when the child feels better can lead to incomplete treatment and antibiotic resistance. This is incorrect advice to give to parents.
Choice C rationale
Knowing the reason for taking the medication ensures that parents understand its importance, which promotes adherence to the prescribed regimen.
Choice D rationale
Using a kitchen spoon to administer medication can lead to inaccurate dosing. A proper measuring device, such as an oral syringe, should be used.