A nurse is preparing to administer a metered dose inhaler (MDI) medication to a client.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Ask the client to hold their breath for 2 seconds after inhalation.
Wash the MDI canister in warm water after each use.
Ask the client to inhale the medication quickly for 1 second.
Shake the MDI prior to administration.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Clients should be instructed to hold their breath for about 10 seconds after inhalation, not 2 seconds. This allows the medication to reach deeper into the lungs.
Choice B rationale
The MDI canister should not be washed after each use. Instead, it should be cleaned regularly to ensure proper functioning and avoid medication buildup.
Choice C rationale
Clients should be instructed to inhale the medication slowly and deeply over a few seconds, rather than quickly for 1 second. This ensures proper delivery of the medication to the lungs.
Choice D rationale
Shaking the MDI prior to administration is essential. This action mixes the medication evenly, ensuring that the correct dose is delivered with each puff.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice D rationale
Intravenous (IV) administration has the fastest rate of absorption because the medication is delivered directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the absorption barriers of the digestive
system or muscle tissue. This ensures rapid onset of action.
Choice A rationale
Enteral administration involves the gastrointestinal tract, including oral and feeding tube methods. Absorption is slower as the medication passes through the digestive system before
entering the bloodstream.
Choice B rationale
Intramuscular (IM) administration involves injecting the medication into muscle tissue, where it is absorbed into the bloodstream. Absorption is quicker than enteral routes but slower
compared to IV administration.
Choice C rationale
Topical administration involves applying medication to the skin or mucous membranes. Absorption is generally slower and is intended for local or systemic effects, depending on the medication.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Documenting the medication administration is important but should be done after administering the medication. Documentation ensures proper tracking and accountability but does
not address immediate patient safety concerns like checking for allergies.
Choice B rationale
Mixing the medication at the client's bedside may ensure that the medication is prepared correctly and the client receives it promptly, but it doesn't address the critical step of
ensuring the client's safety by checking for allergies first.
Choice C rationale
Checking the client for allergies is crucial before administering any medication, including powdered forms. Allergic reactions can be severe or life-threatening, so it’s essential to
ensure that the client isn’t allergic to the medication. This step ensures the safety and well-being of the client and prevents potential adverse reactions.
Choice D rationale
Determining the client's response to the medication is important for assessing the medication's effectiveness and identifying any adverse reactions, but it occurs after administration.
Checking for allergies precedes all these steps to prevent any initial harm.