A nurse is preparing to administer 0.5% Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment to a newborn. Which route and dose should the nurse apply?
Apply 1-2 cm ribbon from outer to inner canthus.
Apply 2-3 inch ribbon from inner to outer canthus.
Apply 1-2 cm ribbon from inner to outer canthus.
Apply 1-2 inch ribbon to upper eyelid.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Applying a 1-2 cm ribbon from outer to inner canthus is incorrect because it increases the risk of contamination and infection by moving from a less clean area to a more clean area.
Choice B rationale
Applying a 2-3 inch ribbon from inner to outer canthus is incorrect because the length of the ribbon is too long and the direction is not recommended for preventing contamination.
Choice C rationale
Applying a 1-2 cm ribbon from inner to outer canthus is correct as it minimizes the risk of contamination by moving from a cleaner area to a less clean area, ensuring proper application of the ointment.
Choice D rationale
Applying a 1-2 inch ribbon to the upper eyelid is incorrect because the upper eyelid is not the recommended site for application, and the length of the ribbon is too long.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Shivering is not a primary concern for newborns as they have limited ability to shiver. Instead, they rely on non-shivering thermogenesis to maintain body temperature.
Choice B rationale
Cold stress is a significant concern for newborns as it can lead to hypothermia, increased oxygen consumption, and metabolic acidosis. Placing a newborn under a radiant heat warmer helps maintain their body temperature and prevent cold stress.
Choice C rationale
Brown fat production is a natural process in newborns that helps generate heat. However, the primary purpose of using a radiant heat warmer is to prevent cold stress, not to stimulate brown fat production.
Choice D rationale
Basal metabolic rate reduction is not the primary concern. The focus is on preventing cold stress and maintaining the newborn’s body temperature.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A newborn with a temperature of 37.0°C (98.6°F) is within the normal range for newborns and does not require immediate intervention.
Choice B rationale
A newborn who has not voided within 27 hours post-delivery requires immediate intervention. Newborns should void within the first 24 hours of life. Failure to void may indicate dehydration, urinary tract obstruction, or renal issues.
Choice C rationale
A newborn who has not passed meconium within 18 hours post-delivery is concerning but not as urgent as not voiding. Newborns typically pass meconium within the first 24-48 hours.
Choice D rationale
Acrocyanosis, or bluish discoloration of the hands and feet, is common in newborns and usually resolves on its own. It does not require immediate intervention.