A nurse is preparing a program on osteoporosis for a local women's group. Which of the findings does the nurse recognize as a modifiable risk factor?
Vitamin D deficiency
Small-boned, thin frame
Personal history of fractures
Age
The Correct Answer is A
A. Vitamin D deficiency is a modifiable risk factor because it can be addressed through dietary changes, supplements, and increased sun exposure.
B. A small-boned, thin frame is considered a nonmodifiable risk factor as it is a genetic characteristic that cannot be changed.
C. A personal history of fractures is also a nonmodifiable risk factor, as past fractures indicate an increased risk for future fractures and cannot be altered.
D. Age is a nonmodifiable risk factor, as it is an intrinsic characteristic that cannot be changed.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The iliac pulse is located near the pelvis and is not used for assessing circulation in the lower extremities.
B. The femoral pulse is located in the upper thigh, not near the posterior tibial area.
C. The popliteal pulse is found at the back of the knee and is higher than the posterior tibial location.
D. The posterior tibial pulse is correctly located behind the medial malleolus on the inner side of the ankle. This location is where the posterior tibial artery is accessible and is commonly used to assess blood flow to the lower extremities.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Facial drooping is a common symptom following a stroke, particularly if it affects areas of the brain responsible for facial movement.
B. Frequent diarrhea is not typically associated with stroke and may be related to other factors.
C. A steady gait is unlikely following a stroke, especially if the stroke has affected motor control or balance.
D. Vocal clarity can be affected after a stroke, but facial drooping is a more immediate and recognizable alteration in neurologic function.