A nurse is preparing a client for a kidney biopsy. Which of the following client conditions should the nurse identify as a contraindication for this diagnostic test?
Flank pain
Elevated creatinine level
Coagulation disorder
Urinary retention
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Flank pain alone is not a contraindication for a kidney biopsy, although it may be a symptom that necessitates the biopsy to determine the cause of kidney issues.
B. An elevated creatinine level indicates impaired kidney function but is not a contraindication for a kidney biopsy; in fact, it may be a reason to perform the biopsy.
C. A coagulation disorder is a contraindication for a kidney biopsy because it increases the risk of bleeding during and after the procedure. It is crucial to ensure that coagulation parameters are within a safe range before performing this invasive test.
D. Urinary retention does not contraindicate a kidney biopsy, although it may need to be addressed separately.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Bubbling in the water seal chamber with exhalation can be normal as it indicates air is escaping from the pleural space; however, continuous bubbling may indicate an air leak and would need to be assessed.
B. Movement of the trachea toward the unaffected side is a sign of a tension pneumothorax, a life-threatening condition requiring immediate
medical intervention. This tracheal deviation suggests that the pressure in the pleural space is increasing, pushing the mediastinum to the opposite side.
C. Scant serosanguinous drainage on the dressing is expected and not an immediate concern unless it becomes excessive.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Smoking cessation is the most effective measure for preventing chronic bronchitis, as smoking is the leading cause of this condition.
B. Regular moderate exercise is beneficial for overall health and respiratory function but is not as directly effective in preventing chronic bronchitis as smoking cessation.
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D. Annual influenza immunization helps prevent respiratory infections that could exacerbate chronic bronchitis but does not prevent the development of the disease itself.