A nurse is planning home care for a school-age child who is awaiting discharge to home following an acute asthma attack.
Which of the following growth and development stages according to Erikson should the nurse consider in the planning?
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt.
Identity vs. role confusion.
Initiative vs. guilt.
Industry vs. inferiority.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt is the stage for toddlers, where children learn to assert their independence and autonomy. This stage doesn't apply to school-age children.
Choice B rationale
Identity vs. role confusion is the stage for adolescents, where they explore different roles and integrate them into their identity. This is beyond the scope of school-age children.
Choice C rationale
Initiative vs. guilt applies to preschool children, where they begin to assert power and control through directing play and other social interactions. School-age children have moved
past this stage.
Choice D rationale
Industry vs. inferiority is the stage for school-age children according to Erikson's theory. In this stage, children develop a sense of pride and competence in their skills and abilities
through school and social interactions.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Ensuring the client's weights are hanging freely from the bed is crucial in maintaining the proper amount of traction force. This prevents complications and ensures that the traction is effective in reducing the fracture and alleviating pain.
Choice B rationale
Checking the client's bony prominences every 12 hours is important for preventing pressure ulcers and skin breakdown. However, the timing might need to be more frequent depending on the client's overall health and risk factors.
Choice C rationale
Cleansing the client's pin sites with povidone-iodine is a common practice to prevent infection. However, current guidelines often recommend alternative cleaning solutions, such as chlorhexidine, due to better evidence of efficacy.
Choice D rationale
Loosening the knots on the ropes if the client is experiencing pain can compromise the effectiveness of the traction. Adjustments should be made by a healthcare professional to ensure the correct amount of force is applied without causing additional harm.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Watermelon with seeds poses a choking hazard for young children, making it an unsafe food choice. The seeds can easily get stuck in a child’s throat, leading to potential airway obstruction. Additionally, small children might not have the coordination to properly spit out seeds, increasing the risk of accidental swallowing and subsequent choking. Therefore, whole fruits with seeds are generally recommended to be avoided for toddlers.
Choice B rationale
Raw carrots are another choking hazard for young children due to their hard texture. Toddlers might not have developed the necessary chewing skills to safely eat raw vegetables, increasing the risk of choking. Small, hard foods like raw carrots can be difficult to chew and swallow, making them unsafe for children under the age of three. Cooked or finely chopped vegetables are safer alternatives.
Choice C rationale
Mashed potatoes are a safe and appropriate food choice for a 14-month-old child. They are soft, easy to chew, and swallow, reducing the risk of choking. Mashed potatoes can be easily modified to suit the nutritional needs and texture preferences of young children. They can also be fortified with other healthy ingredients like pureed vegetables or proteins to make a balanced meal for toddlers.
Choice D rationale
Popcorn is a known choking hazard for young children and is not recommended for those under the age of four. Popcorn kernels are small, hard, and irregularly shaped, making them difficult for young children to chew and swallow safely. The risk of choking on popcorn is high due to its propensity to lodge in the airway, causing potentially serious complications. .