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A nurse is planning care for a client who requires screening for rectal cancer.
Which of the following tests should the nurse anticipate in the client's care?

A.

Colonoscopy.

B.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

C.

Upper GI series.

D.

Upper GI endoscopy.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

Colonoscopy is the recommended test for screening for rectal cancer. It allows for direct visualization of the entire colon and rectum, enabling the detection and biopsy of polyps or

suspicious lesions. It is the gold standard for colorectal cancer screening.

 

Choice B rationale

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is used to diagnose and treat conditions of the bile ducts, pancreas, and gallbladder. It’s not typically used for colorectal

cancer screening.

 

Choice C rationale

An upper GI series involves X-rays of the upper gastrointestinal tract (esophagus, stomach, and duodenum) after swallowing a contrast medium. This test does not visualize the

lower GI tract, including the colon and rectum, and is therefore not suitable for rectal cancer screening.

 

Choice D rationale

Upper GI endoscopy allows for direct visualization of the upper gastrointestinal tract but does not reach the colon and rectum. Hence, it is not used for screening rectal cancer


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Reducing daily activity is not advised for clients with constipation. Physical activity helps stimulate bowel movements and can relieve constipation.

Choice B rationale

Trying to defecate at different times of the day is not recommended. Establishing a regular bowel routine helps promote consistent bowel movements and can prevent constipation.

Choice C rationale

Increasing daily fluid intake is beneficial for constipation. Fluids help soften stool, making it easier to pass and promoting regular bowel movements.

Choice D rationale

Consuming a low-fiber diet is not advisable for clients with constipation. A high-fiber diet helps bulk up and soften stool, making it easier to pass through the intestines.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Aging usually leads to a decrease in muscle tone of the bowel rather than an increase, which can result in slower bowel movements and constipation.

Choice B rationale

Gastric acid production tends to decrease with age, not increase. This can affect the digestion and absorption of nutrients, and also increase the risk of stomach infections.

Choice C rationale

The pH of the stomach tends to become less acidic (increase) as one ages, not decrease. This is often due to the reduced production of gastric acid.

Choice D rationale

Decreased intestinal peristalsis is a common physiological change in older adults. This slowing down of the intestinal movements can lead to constipation and other digestive issues.

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