A nurse is planning care for a client who requires screening for rectal cancer.
Which of the following tests should the nurse anticipate in the client's care?
Colonoscopy.
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).
Upper GI series.
Upper GI endoscopy.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Colonoscopy is the recommended test for screening for rectal cancer. It allows for direct visualization of the entire colon and rectum, enabling the detection and biopsy of polyps or
suspicious lesions. It is the gold standard for colorectal cancer screening.
Choice B rationale
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is used to diagnose and treat conditions of the bile ducts, pancreas, and gallbladder. It’s not typically used for colorectal
cancer screening.
Choice C rationale
An upper GI series involves X-rays of the upper gastrointestinal tract (esophagus, stomach, and duodenum) after swallowing a contrast medium. This test does not visualize the
lower GI tract, including the colon and rectum, and is therefore not suitable for rectal cancer screening.
Choice D rationale
Upper GI endoscopy allows for direct visualization of the upper gastrointestinal tract but does not reach the colon and rectum. Hence, it is not used for screening rectal cancer
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Colonoscopy is the recommended test for screening for rectal cancer. It allows for direct visualization of the entire colon and rectum, enabling the detection and biopsy of polyps or
suspicious lesions. It is the gold standard for colorectal cancer screening.
Choice B rationale
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is used to diagnose and treat conditions of the bile ducts, pancreas, and gallbladder. It’s not typically used for colorectal
cancer screening.
Choice C rationale
An upper GI series involves X-rays of the upper gastrointestinal tract (esophagus, stomach, and duodenum) after swallowing a contrast medium. This test does not visualize the
lower GI tract, including the colon and rectum, and is therefore not suitable for rectal cancer screening.
Choice D rationale
Upper GI endoscopy allows for direct visualization of the upper gastrointestinal tract but does not reach the colon and rectum. Hence, it is not used for screening rectal cancer
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Returning the opened medication to the medication cart is inappropriate because once a medication is opened and refused by a client, it must be disposed of properly. This action helps maintain safety and prevents contamination.
Choice B rationale
Reporting the incident to the provider is not necessary in this context as the refusal to take medication can be managed by the nurse by following the facility's protocol.
Choice C rationale
Filling out an incident report is required because the client's refusal to take the medication is considered a significant event. Incident reports are used to document and analyze such events to improve patient care and safety.
Choice D rationale
Notifying the facility's ethics committee is unnecessary for a medication refusal incident, as it does not involve an ethical dilemma requiring their intervention.