A nurse is planning care for a client who has chronic substance use disorder. Which of the following is the most therapeutic response to help the client cease alcohol consumption?
"Let me tell you how I struggled to stop drinking whiskey over the years, but finally succeeded."
"You have stopped drinking, haven't you?"
"The physician has ordered you to stop drinking all alcoholic beverages. Are you going to make us happy?"
"Let's work together on a plan that includes medication, group support, and counseling."
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Sharing personal experiences can be supportive, but it may not be the most therapeutic or professional approach in this situation.
B. This question is leading and doesn't encourage an open dialogue. It may also induce guilt or defensiveness in the client.
C. This statement is authoritative and may come across as coercive, which can be counterproductive in encouraging the client to take responsibility for their recovery.
D. Collaborating with the client on a comprehensive plan that includes medication, group support, and counseling is a therapeutic approach that empowers the client to actively participate in their recovery, offering them the best chance of success.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Dental decay is a common result of frequent vomiting in bulimia nervosa due to exposure of teeth to stomach acid.
B. Bulimia nervosa often involves fluctuations in weight rather than a consistently lower weight, as it includes binge eating episodes.
C. Hypokalemia (low potassium) is more commonly associated with bulimia due to vomiting rather than hyperkalemia (high potassium).
D. Amenorrhea (absence of menstruation) may occur in bulimia nervosa but is less specific than dental decay for the condition.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Increased respiratory rate is a common finding in fluid overload due to pulmonary congestion and edema, which can affect breathing.
B. Increased temperature is not directly associated with fluid overload; it is more indicative of an infection or inflammatory process.
C. Increased heart rate can occur as the heart compensates for the increased blood volume and stress on the cardiovascular system.
D. Increased blood pressure is a typical response to fluid overload due to the higher volume of circulating blood.
E. Increased hematocrit is usually not associated with fluid overload; instead, it is often increased in conditions of dehydration or hemoconcentration.