A nurse is planning care for a 4-year-old child who requires isolation and airborne precautions.
Which of the following activities should the nurse plan for this child?
Constructing a model airplane.
Putting together a large-piece puzzle.
Playing in the hallway.
Watching a video game in the playroom.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Constructing a model airplane may require smaller parts and more intricate work, not ideal for a 4-year-old child.
Choice B rationale
Putting together a large-piece puzzle is suitable for fine motor skills development and can be done while in isolation.
Choice C rationale
Playing in the hallway would expose the child to other areas and people, defeating the purpose of airborne precautions.
Choice D rationale
Watching a video game in the playroom is not feasible as it would require leaving the isolation area.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Preoperational stage starts around age 2 to 7 years, characterized by symbolic thinking.
Choice B rationale
Concrete operational stage starts around age 7 to 11 years, involving logical thinking about concrete events.
Choice C rationale
Sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years) is when infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities.
Choice D rationale
Formal operational stage begins at approximately age 12 and involves abstract and hypothetical thinking.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Toddlers are at a stage where they are increasingly curious and mobile, which requires close supervision to ensure their safety. They are also prone to tantrums as they test
boundaries and express frustration due to limited communication skills. Effective management of tantrums and supervision can help parents guide their child's behavior and ensure
their safety.
Choice B rationale
Solitary play and identity development are more characteristic of older children. Toddlers engage more in parallel play, where they play alongside other children but not directly with
them. Encouraging solitary play is not as developmentally appropriate for toddlers.
Choice C rationale
Establishing trust is crucial in infancy when infants learn to trust their caregivers to meet their needs. Dental care should start around the toddler years, but the primary focus should
be on supervision and behavior management rather than dental care initiation.
Choice D rationale
Establishing relationships and developing self-confidence are vital across all developmental stages, but in toddlers, the priority lies in providing a safe environment and guiding
behavior through supervision and tantrum management.