A nurse is planning a community health program for school-age children. According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which activity would best support the developmental task of this age group?
Providing opportunities for solitary play
Focusing just on individual academic achievements
Encouraging children to participate in team sports
Promoting dependence on parents for decision-making
The Correct Answer is C
A. Solitary play is more characteristic of earlier stages of development, such as infancy and early childhood. School-age children benefit more from social interactions.
B. While academic achievements are important, focusing solely on individual success does not support the social skills that are essential for this developmental stage.
C. Encouraging participation in team sports promotes social interaction, teamwork, and a sense of belonging, which are crucial for developing competence and self-esteem during this stage.
D. Promoting dependence on parents goes against the developmental task of this age group, which is to foster independence and decision-making skills.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The meningococcal (MCV4) vaccine is typically recommended for preteens and adolescents, usually starting at age 11.
B. The hepatitis B vaccine is typically administered at birth, 1-2 months, and 6-18 months, so a 4-year-old may already have received this vaccine.
C. The varicella (VAR) vaccine is recommended for children at ages 12-15 months and again at 4-6 years, making it appropriate for a 4-year-old child.
D. The Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) vaccine is usually given to children in a series before 5 years of age, but it is more commonly completed by age 2-3 years. The 4-year-old may already be up to date with this vaccine.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. It is recommended to replace the child's toothbrush after 24 hours of starting antibiotics to prevent reinfection or spreading the bacteria.
B. A child with acute group A B-hemolytic streptococci should remain home from school until they have been on antibiotics for at least 24 hours, not for a full week, to reduce the risk of spreading the infection.
C. Warm compresses may be used to alleviate discomfort associated with sore throats or swollen glands; there is no contraindication to their use in this context.
D. Intramuscular injections are not a standard treatment for this condition; antibiotics are typically administered orally unless there are complications requiring different management.