A nurse is planning a community health program for school-age children. According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which activity would best support the developmental task of this age group?
Providing opportunities for solitary play
Focusing just on individual academic achievements
Encouraging children to participate in team sports
Promoting dependence on parents for decision-making
The Correct Answer is C
A. Solitary play is more characteristic of earlier stages of development, such as infancy and early childhood. School-age children benefit more from social interactions.
B. While academic achievements are important, focusing solely on individual success does not support the social skills that are essential for this developmental stage.
C. Encouraging participation in team sports promotes social interaction, teamwork, and a sense of belonging, which are crucial for developing competence and self-esteem during this stage.
D. Promoting dependence on parents goes against the developmental task of this age group, which is to foster independence and decision-making skills.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Tricuspid atresia typically leads to decreased pulmonary blood flow due to the absence of normal blood flow to the lungs.
B. Patent ductus arteriosus results in increased pulmonary blood flow because it allows blood to flow from the aorta to the pulmonary artery, increasing the volume of blood going to the lungs.
C. Coarctation of the aorta can cause decreased blood flow to the lower body, which may not directly relate to increased pulmonary blood flow.
D. Tetralogy of Fallot is characterized by decreased pulmonary blood flow due to right ventricular outflow obstruction, making it not associated with increased pulmonary blood flow.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Encouraging the adolescent to spend more time alone may reinforce their withdrawal and does not promote social interaction or engagement.
B. Assigning the adolescent as a leader may increase anxiety and exacerbate their withdrawal rather than encourage socialization.
C. One-on-one counseling can provide a safe space for the adolescent to express feelings and explore the reasons for their withdrawal, which is a supportive and therapeutic intervention.
D. Focusing solely on academic achievements may lead to further isolation and does not address the need for social skills development and peer interaction.