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A nurse is monitoring a client receiving a blood transfusion. Which of the following findings indicates an allergic transfusion reaction?

A.

Distended jugular veins.

B.

Generalized urticaria.

C.

Bilateral flank pain.

D.

Blood pressure 184/92 mm Hg.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Distended jugular veins may indicate fluid overload or congestive heart failure, not an allergic reaction.  

 

B. Generalized urticaria, or hives, is a classic sign of an allergic transfusion reaction, presenting as an itchy rash or welts on the skin.  

 

C. Bilateral flank pain is more indicative of a hemolytic reaction, particularly due to kidney involvement, rather than an allergic reaction.  

 

D. A blood pressure of 184/92 mm Hg may suggest hypertension or a reaction, but it is not specific to allergic transfusion reactions, which are characterized by skin symptoms like urticaria.


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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Fungal and bacterial infections can occur later as the immune system becomes compromised, but they are not initial symptoms of HIV infection.

B. Flu-like symptoms and night sweats are common initial manifestations of acute HIV infection, often occurring within 2-4 weeks after exposure.

C. Kaposi's sarcoma is a type of cancer associated with advanced HIV/AIDS and not an initial symptom of infection.

D. Pneumocystis lung infection typically occurs later in the course of HIV disease when the immune system is severely weakened, not during the initial infection stage.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Hemoglobin level is a key component of the CBC, reflecting the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.

B. Blood glucose level is not part of the CBC; it is typically measured separately in metabolic panels or glucose tests.

C. White blood cell count is included in the CBC and is important for assessing the immune response.

D. Platelet count is also part of the CBC and is essential for evaluating clotting function.

E. Red blood cell count is included in the CBC and is crucial for assessing overall blood health and anemia status.

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