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A nurse is interpreting the ECG strip of a client who has bradycardia. Which cardiac components should the nurse identify as the role of the P wave?

A.

Early ventricular repolarization

B.

Atrial depolarization

C.

Slow repolarization of ventricular Purkinje fibers

D.

Ventricular depolarization

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Early ventricular repolarization is represented by the T wave, not the P wave.  

 

B. The P wave represents atrial depolarization, which is the electrical activity that triggers the contraction of the atria.  

 

C. Slow repolarization of ventricular Purkinje fibers is represented by the T wave, not the P wave.  

 

D. Ventricular depolarization is represented by the QRS complex, not the P wave.


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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Vitamin D deficiency is a modifiable risk factor because it can be addressed through dietary changes, supplements, and increased sun exposure.

B. A small-boned, thin frame is considered a nonmodifiable risk factor as it is a genetic characteristic that cannot be changed.

C. A personal history of fractures is also a nonmodifiable risk factor, as past fractures indicate an increased risk for future fractures and cannot be altered.

D. Age is a nonmodifiable risk factor, as it is an intrinsic characteristic that cannot be changed.

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

A. Bronchovesicular sounds are normal lung sounds that are typically heard over the mainstem bronchi and are expected during auscultation.

B. Bronchial sounds are also normal and are typically heard over the trachea; they are expected lung sounds.

C. Dullness is not a lung sound but rather a descriptor of percussion notes, typically indicating fluid or solid mass in the lungs.

D. Flatness is also not a normal lung sound but refers to a percussion note that can suggest the presence of fluid or a solid mass.

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