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A nurse is interpreting the ECG strip of a client who has bradycardia. Which cardiac components should the nurse identify as the role of the P wave?

A.

Early ventricular repolarization

B.

Atrial depolarization

C.

Slow repolarization of ventricular Purkinje fibers

D.

Ventricular depolarization

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Early ventricular repolarization is represented by the T wave, not the P wave.  

 

B. The P wave represents atrial depolarization, which is the electrical activity that triggers the contraction of the atria.  

 

C. Slow repolarization of ventricular Purkinje fibers is represented by the T wave, not the P wave.  

 

D. Ventricular depolarization is represented by the QRS complex, not the P wave.


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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Checking pupillary response to light assesses cranial nerve II (optic nerve).

B. Observing for facial symmetry primarily assesses cranial nerves VII (facial nerve) and possibly V (trigeminal nerve).

C. Testing for sense of smell assesses cranial nerve I (olfactory nerve).

D. Eliciting the gag reflex assesses cranial nerve IX (glossopharyngeal nerve) and also cranial nerve X (vagus nerve), making it the correct action to assess cranial nerve IX.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A pustule is a small elevation of the skin that contains pus, typically smaller than 0.5 cm.

B. A macule is a flat, discolored area of skin that is less than 0.5 cm in diameter, so it does not fit the description of elevated lesions larger than 0.5 cm.

C. A papule is an elevated, solid lesion that is less than 0.5 cm in diameter; lesions larger than this would not be classified as papules.

D. A patch is defined as a flat, non-palpable lesion larger than 0.5 cm, and psoriasis can present as patches. Thus, the lesions described fit this classification.

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