A nurse is educating nursing students on the importance of client-centered community-based care. The nurse understands that which of the following principles is most essential to client-centered, community-based care in nursing?
Encouraging clients to make decisions without considering their cultural or social background.
Ensuring that care plans are tailored to the individual needs and preferences of clients within their community.
Focusing primarily on the medical treatment of diseases within a hospital setting.
Prioritizing the efficiency of healthcare delivery over patient satisfaction and outcomes.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason:
Encouraging clients to make decisions without considering their cultural or social background is not aligned with the principles of client-centered care. Understanding and respecting clients’ cultural and social backgrounds are essential for providing holistic and effective care.
Choice B reason:
Ensuring that care plans are tailored to the individual needs and preferences of clients within their community is the cornerstone of client-centered, community-based care. This approach recognizes the unique circumstances of each client and aims to provide personalized care that meets their specific needs and preferences.
Choice C reason:
Focusing primarily on the medical treatment of diseases within a hospital setting is not consistent with community-based care. Community-based care emphasizes providing healthcare services in the community, addressing social determinants of health, and promoting overall well-being outside of hospital settings.
Choice D reason:
Prioritizing the efficiency of healthcare delivery over patient satisfaction and outcomes is contrary to the principles of client-centered care. While efficiency is important, the primary focus should be on achieving positive health outcomes and ensuring patient satisfaction.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Organizing an influenza immunization campaign is an example of primary prevention, which aims to prevent the onset of illness or injury before it occurs. Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and intervention to prevent the progression of disease or injury.
Choice B reason:
Helping plant workers identify signs of carpal tunnel syndrome is a secondary prevention strategy. It involves early detection of symptoms and providing education on how to manage and seek treatment for the condition. Early intervention can prevent the progression of carpal tunnel syndrome and reduce the risk of long-term complications.
Choice C reason:
Teaching plant workers about proper lifting techniques is an example of primary prevention. It aims to prevent injuries by educating workers on safe practices. While important, it does not fall under secondary prevention, which focuses on early detection and intervention.
Choice D reason:
Collaborating with a physical therapist to develop programs for injured employees to return to work is an example of tertiary prevention. Tertiary prevention focuses on rehabilitation and managing long-term health conditions to improve quality of life and prevent further complications.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice a reason:
A negative-pressure isolation room is designed to prevent the spread of airborne infectious diseases by ensuring that air flows into the room but not out of it. This type of room is typically used for patients with diseases such as tuberculosis, measles, or COVID-19, which are spread through airborne particles. Scabies, however, is spread through direct skin-to-skin contact or by sharing personal items like bedding or clothing. Therefore, a negative-pressure isolation room is not necessary for a patient with scabies, as the primary mode of transmission is not airborne.
Choice b reason:
A private room is the most appropriate setting for a client with scabies. Scabies is highly contagious and can spread through direct skin-to-skin contact or by sharing personal items. Placing the client in a private room helps to prevent the spread of the mites to other patients and staff. In a private room, the client can be isolated effectively, and healthcare workers can implement contact precautions, such as wearing gloves and gowns, to minimize the risk of transmission. This approach ensures that the client receives appropriate care while protecting others from potential exposure.
Choice c reason:
A semi-private room with a client who has pediculosis capitis (head lice) is not suitable for a client with scabies. Although both conditions involve infestations, they are caused by different parasites and have different modes of transmission. Pediculosis capitis is spread through direct contact with infested hair or personal items, while scabies is spread through prolonged skin-to-skin contact. Placing a client with scabies in a semi-private room with another infested patient increases the risk of cross-contamination and further spread of both conditions. Therefore, this option is not recommended.
Choice d reason:
A positive-pressure isolation room is designed to protect immunocompromised patients from airborne pathogens by ensuring that air flows out of the room but not into it. This type of room is used for patients who need to be protected from infections, such as those undergoing chemotherapy or with severe immune deficiencies. Since scabies is not an airborne disease and does not pose a risk to immunocompromised patients in this manner, a positive-pressure isolation room is not appropriate for a client with scabies. The primary concern with scabies is preventing direct contact transmission, which is best managed in a private room.