A nurse is educating nursing students on the importance of client-centered community-based care. The nurse understands that which of the following principles is most essential to client-centered, community-based care in nursing?
Encouraging clients to make decisions without considering their cultural or social background.
Ensuring that care plans are tailored to the individual needs and preferences of clients within their community.
Focusing primarily on the medical treatment of diseases within a hospital setting.
Prioritizing the efficiency of healthcare delivery over patient satisfaction and outcomes.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason:
Encouraging clients to make decisions without considering their cultural or social background is not aligned with the principles of client-centered care. Understanding and respecting clients’ cultural and social backgrounds are essential for providing holistic and effective care.
Choice B reason:
Ensuring that care plans are tailored to the individual needs and preferences of clients within their community is the cornerstone of client-centered, community-based care. This approach recognizes the unique circumstances of each client and aims to provide personalized care that meets their specific needs and preferences.
Choice C reason:
Focusing primarily on the medical treatment of diseases within a hospital setting is not consistent with community-based care. Community-based care emphasizes providing healthcare services in the community, addressing social determinants of health, and promoting overall well-being outside of hospital settings.
Choice D reason:
Prioritizing the efficiency of healthcare delivery over patient satisfaction and outcomes is contrary to the principles of client-centered care. While efficiency is important, the primary focus should be on achieving positive health outcomes and ensuring patient satisfaction.
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Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Going automatically into the client’s bedroom without permission is inappropriate and can be seen as an invasion of privacy. The nurse should always seek consent and respect the client’s personal space. Building trust and maintaining professional boundaries are crucial in home care settings.
Choice B reason:
While it is courteous to thank the client for arranging a home visit, it is not a critical action that directly impacts the care provided. The focus should be on assessing the client’s needs and establishing a care plan.
Choice C reason:
Arranging mutual future visits is an appropriate action. It helps to establish a consistent care schedule, ensuring that the client receives ongoing support and monitoring. This is particularly important for managing chronic conditions like diabetes, where regular follow-up is essential for effective management.
Choice D reason:
Asking how the client is managing at home is a crucial part of the initial assessment. It provides the nurse with valuable information about the client’s current health status, challenges, and needs. This information is essential for developing a personalized care plan that addresses the client’s specific circumstances.
Choice E reason:
Sitting down and discussing with the client and family members is an important step in the initial home care visit. It helps to build rapport, understand the client’s support system, and involve family members in the care process. This collaborative approach ensures that everyone is informed and can contribute to the client’s care and well-being.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason:
The central nervous system is not a common portal of entry for anthrax. Anthrax primarily enters the body through the skin, respiratory tract, or gastrointestinal tract. While it can affect the central nervous system if it spreads, it is not a primary entry point.
Choice B reason:
The integumentary system, or skin, is a common portal of entry for anthrax. Cutaneous anthrax occurs when Bacillus anthracis spores enter the body through a cut or abrasion on the skin. This form of anthrax is characterized by a localized infection that can develop into a painless ulcer with a black center.
Choice C reason:
The respiratory system is another primary portal of entry for anthrax. Inhalation anthrax occurs when spores are inhaled into the lungs. This form of anthrax is particularly dangerous and can lead to severe respiratory distress and systemic infection if not treated promptly.
Choice D reason:
The renal system is not a typical portal of entry for anthrax. While anthrax can affect multiple organ systems if it becomes systemic, it does not enter the body through the kidneys or urinary tract.
Choice E reason:
The gastrointestinal system is a potential portal of entry for anthrax. Gastrointestinal anthrax occurs when spores are ingested, typically through contaminated food or water. This form of anthrax can cause severe gastrointestinal symptoms and systemic infection.