A nurse is creating a plan of care for a child who has acute lymphoid leukemia and an absolute neutrophil count of 400/mm³ (2500 to 8000/mm³). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Encourage friends and family to visit the child.
Provide a low-protein diet for the child.
Collect a daily urine specimen from the child to check for proteinuria.
Withhold administering the varicella vaccine to the child.
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Encouraging friends and family to visit the child is not appropriate due to the risk of infections, as the child has a severely compromised immune system.
B. A low-protein diet is not indicated; children with leukemia often require adequate nutrition to support their health.
C. Collecting a daily urine specimen for proteinuria is not specifically indicated for this condition; the focus should be on infection prevention.
D. Withholding the varicella vaccine is essential because live vaccines are contraindicated in immunocompromised patients due to the risk of severe infections.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Elevating the affected leg is an important intervention for reducing swelling and promoting venous return, which can help alleviate discomfort and prevent further complications.
B. Placing cold compresses on the edematous area may provide temporary relief but is not a standard intervention for deep-vein thrombosis and could potentially harm tissue if applied for too long.
C. Restricting the client to 1 L of fluid per day is inappropriate, as adequate hydration is essential for maintaining good venous health and preventing further complications.
D. Maintaining the client on bed rest is not necessary; while rest is important, early ambulation is encouraged to promote circulation and prevent further clot formation unless contraindicated.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Sitting with their head in their hands and appearing to cry indicates emotional distress rather than aggression or potential violence.
B. Pacing is often a sign of agitation or anxiety and can be indicative of a potential escalation to violence, especially in individuals with a history of aggressive behavior.
C. While expressing discontent with staff may show frustration, it does not directly indicate imminent violence.
D. Taking numerous, deep breaths may suggest the client is attempting to calm themselves and is not a reliable indicator of potential aggression.