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A nurse is conducting screening assessments in an OBGYN clinic.
Which of the following clients has risk factors for cervical cancer?

A.

A client that reports irregular menses.

B.

A client who is menopausal and taking hormone replacement therapy.

C.

A client who reports multiple sexual partners.

D.

A client who reports their mother has a history of breast cancer.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Irregular menses are not a direct risk factor for cervical cancer. While they can indicate hormonal imbalances, they are not strongly linked to cervical cancer risk.

 

Choice B rationale

Menopausal status and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) are more closely linked to breast cancer risks rather than cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is primarily associated with HPV infection.

 

Choice C rationale

Multiple sexual partners increase the risk of HPV infection, which is the primary cause of cervical cancer. HPV is a sexually transmitted infection that significantly raises the likelihood of developing cervical cancer.

 

Choice D rationale

A family history of breast cancer is more relevant to breast cancer risk rather than cervical cancer. Cervical cancer risk is more closely linked to HPV infection and sexual behavior.


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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy (also known as amniotic fluid embolism) occurs when amniotic fluid, fetal cells, hair, or other debris enter the mother's bloodstream, triggering

a serious reaction. It can cause sudden shortness of breath, cardiovascular collapse, and other severe symptoms immediately after a rupture of membranes and is a rare but critical

obstetrical emergency.

Choice B rationale

Abruptio placentae involves the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, which leads to bleeding and potential fetal and maternal distress. However, it does not

typically present with sudden cardiorespiratory collapse or shortness of breath immediately following membrane rupture.

Choice C rationale

Uterine rupture refers to a tear in the wall of the uterus, usually due to trauma, labor stress, or previous surgical scars. While it is a severe condition, it usually presents with

abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and fetal distress rather than sudden respiratory failure.

Choice D rationale

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a condition affecting blood clotting processes, often secondary to other conditions like severe preeclampsia, sepsis, or trauma. It

generally presents with bleeding and clotting issues but not sudden respiratory or cardiovascular collapse.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Turning the newborn's head quickly to one side elicits the tonic neck reflex, not the Moro reflex. The tonic neck reflex involves the newborn's arm extending on the side where the

head is turned and the opposite arm bending at the elbow, resembling a fencing position.

Choice B rationale

Performing a sharp hand clap near the infant elicits the Moro (startle) reflex, which is characterized by the infant throwing their arms outward, opening their hands, and then bringing

the arms back in. This is a response to sudden stimuli and is a normal reflex in newborns.

Choice C rationale

Stroking the outer edge of the sole of the foot from near the heel up toward the toes elicits the Babinski reflex, not the Moro reflex. The Babinski reflex is characterized by the big toe

moving upward or toward the top surface of the foot and the other toes fanning out.

Choice D rationale

Placing a finger at the base of the newborn's toes elicits the plantar grasp reflex, not the Moro reflex. The plantar grasp reflex involves the toes curling around the finger or object

placed at the base of the toes. .

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