A nurse is conducting an educational session on infection control and is explaining the epidemiological triad, which includes the host, agent, and environment. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates an effective intervention targeting the "environment" component to prevent the spread of infection?
Improving ventilation and increasing the frequency of cleaning in a hospital ward to reduce pathogen exposure.
Administering a vaccination to a patient to enhance their immunity against a specific pathogen.
Providing a patient with antimicrobial medication to treat an existing infection.
Educating a patient on proper hand hygiene to reduce the likelihood of infection transmission.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Improving ventilation and increasing cleaning frequency addresses the environment component by altering the physical setting to reduce pathogen exposure and control infection spread.
B. Administering a vaccination targets the host component by enhancing immunity to prevent infection.
C. Providing antimicrobial medication addresses the agent component by treating an existing infection.
D. Educating on hand hygiene is an important intervention but primarily affects the host-agent interaction rather than the environment.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. The Domestic Violence Screening Tool is used to screen for domestic violence but may not be as specifically validated for assessing immediate safety and lethality.
B. The Intimate Partner Assessment is a general tool for assessing relationships but lacks specific validation for safety concerns in abuse cases.
C. The Lethality Tool is specifically designed to assess the risk of harm or death in situations of intimate partner violence. It is widely validated and focuses on assessing immediate safety and risk.
D. The Mini Mental Status Exam is used to assess cognitive function and mental status, not specifically for abuse or safety assessment.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. While contacting the trafficking hotline may be necessary, it is essential first to ensure the client's immediate safety and confidentiality.
B. Knowing available resources is important, but ensuring a safe, private environment for the client is the first priority.
C. Performing a sexual examination without consent violates the client’s rights and may not be appropriate or necessary at the initial contact.
D. Ensuring the conversation occurs alone and privately is crucial for the client’s comfort and safety, allowing them to speak freely about their situation.