A nurse is conducting an educational session on infection control and is explaining the epidemiological triad, which includes the host, agent, and environment. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates an effective intervention targeting the "environment" component to prevent the spread of infection?
Improving ventilation and increasing the frequency of cleaning in a hospital ward to reduce pathogen exposure.
Administering a vaccination to a patient to enhance their immunity against a specific pathogen.
Providing a patient with antimicrobial medication to treat an existing infection.
Educating a patient on proper hand hygiene to reduce the likelihood of infection transmission.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Improving ventilation and increasing cleaning frequency addresses the environment component by altering the physical setting to reduce pathogen exposure and control infection spread.
B. Administering a vaccination targets the host component by enhancing immunity to prevent infection.
C. Providing antimicrobial medication addresses the agent component by treating an existing infection.
D. Educating on hand hygiene is an important intervention but primarily affects the host-agent interaction rather than the environment.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Manners are important but do not specifically maximize the information gleaned during the interview.
B. Acknowledging family strengths is important for support but does not directly maximize the amount of information obtained.
C. Ecomaps and genograms are useful tools for understanding family dynamics but may not be the primary means of maximizing information during an interview.
D. Therapeutic questions and conversation are essential for maximizing information during an interview, as they encourage open communication and exploration of family issues.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Bruises from a sports injury are less likely to indicate intimate partner violence without additional context.
B. Stress from work is a general issue and does not directly suggest intimate partner violence.
C. A fall down the stairs could be an accident; however, further context is needed to assess if this is related to violence.
D. Fear at home and reluctance to discuss it could indicate underlying intimate partner violence, requiring further assessment and intervention.