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A nurse is conducting an educational session on infection control and is explaining the epidemiological triad, which includes the host, agent, and environment. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates an effective intervention targeting the "environment" component to prevent the spread of infection?

Improving ventilation and increasing the frequency of cleaning in a hospital ward to reduce pathogen exposure.

Administering a vaccination to a patient to enhance their immunity against a specific pathogen.

Providing a patient with antimicrobial medication to treat an existing infection.

Educating a patient on proper hand hygiene to reduce the likelihood of infection transmission.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Rationale:

A. Improving ventilation and increasing cleaning frequency addresses the environment component by altering the physical setting to reduce pathogen exposure and control infection spread.

B. Administering a vaccination targets the host component by enhancing immunity to prevent infection.

C. Providing antimicrobial medication addresses the agent component by treating an existing infection.

D. Educating on hand hygiene is an important intervention but primarily affects the host-agent interaction rather than the environment.

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A. Wait for the client to mention any concerns about domestic violence during their treatment. B. Document the injuries and refer the client to a social worker without discussing the possibility of domestic violence. C. Ask the client directly if they are experiencing domestic violence in a private and supportive manner. D. Inform the client that domestic violence is common and provide general information on available resources.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Waiting for the client to bring up domestic violence may miss the opportunity for timely intervention.

B. Documentation and referral are important, but directly addressing the issue can be more effective in identifying and assisting victims.

C. Directly asking the client about domestic violence in a private and supportive manner facilitates open communication and disclosure.

D. Providing general information may not be as effective as directly addressing the issue with the client.

A. Assuming that the client will follow the standard care plan without modification based on their cultural beliefs. B. Requesting that the client conform to the nurse's personal beliefs and practices during their care. C. Avoiding discussion of cultural practices to prevent making the client uncomfortable. D. Inquiring about the client's cultural beliefs and preferences and incorporating them into the care plan.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Assuming the client will follow the standard care plan without considering cultural beliefs shows a lack of cultural competence. Each client's cultural context should be considered.

B. Requesting conformity to the nurse's beliefs disregards the client’s cultural preferences and is not respectful of their personal values.

C. Avoiding discussion of cultural practices can hinder understanding and appropriate care; addressing cultural practices is important for providing respectful and effective care.

D. Inquiring about the client's cultural beliefs and incorporating them into the care plan ensures that care is respectful, relevant, and tailored to the client's needs and values.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Which nursing intervention is most likely to help a client in the Emergency Department with extensive soft tissue injuries disclose an incident of domestic violence?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is providing care to a client from a cultural background different from their own. Which of the following actions demonstrates culturally competent care?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

To provide culturally competent care, nurses must be alert to factors that express bias against certain traditions. Which examples exemplify cultural imposition? (Select All that Apply)

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