A nurse is conducting an educational session on infection control and is explaining the epidemiological triad, which includes the host, agent, and environment. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates an effective intervention targeting the "environment" component to prevent the spread of infection?
Improving ventilation and increasing the frequency of cleaning in a hospital ward to reduce pathogen exposure.
Administering a vaccination to a patient to enhance their immunity against a specific pathogen.
Providing a patient with antimicrobial medication to treat an existing infection.
Educating a patient on proper hand hygiene to reduce the likelihood of infection transmission.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Improving ventilation and increasing cleaning frequency addresses the environment component by altering the physical setting to reduce pathogen exposure and control infection spread.
B. Administering a vaccination targets the host component by enhancing immunity to prevent infection.
C. Providing antimicrobial medication addresses the agent component by treating an existing infection.
D. Educating on hand hygiene is an important intervention but primarily affects the host-agent interaction rather than the environment.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Culture shock refers to the feelings of confusion and disorientation experienced when encountering a new culture, not the loss of cultural characteristics.
B. Cultural assimilation occurs when individuals from minority groups adopt the cultural traits of the dominant group, often leading to the loss of their original cultural characteristics.
C. Ethnocentrism involves judging other cultures by one's own cultural standards, not the process of losing cultural characteristics.
D. Cultural imposition involves forcing one's cultural practices on others, which is different from the process of assimilation
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Tertiary prevention is correct as it involves managing and improving the quality of life for individuals who already have a chronic disease or disability. Rehabilitation and strength training aim to help the client live better despite the existing condition.
B. Primary prevention aims to prevent the onset of disease, which is not the focus here.
C. Workplace prevention is not a specific level of prevention; it may include aspects of primary and secondary prevention.
D. Secondary prevention involves early detection and intervention to prevent the progression of a disease, but since the client already has the condition, tertiary prevention is more applicable.