A nurse is conducting an educational session on infection control and is explaining the epidemiological triad, which includes the host, agent, and environment. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates an effective intervention targeting the "environment" component to prevent the spread of infection?
Improving ventilation and increasing the frequency of cleaning in a hospital ward to reduce pathogen exposure.
Administering a vaccination to a patient to enhance their immunity against a specific pathogen.
Providing a patient with antimicrobial medication to treat an existing infection.
Educating a patient on proper hand hygiene to reduce the likelihood of infection transmission.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Improving ventilation and increasing cleaning frequency addresses the environment component by altering the physical setting to reduce pathogen exposure and control infection spread.
B. Administering a vaccination targets the host component by enhancing immunity to prevent infection.
C. Providing antimicrobial medication addresses the agent component by treating an existing infection.
D. Educating on hand hygiene is an important intervention but primarily affects the host-agent interaction rather than the environment.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Discouraging the client from using any alternative therapies is not appropriate as it disregards the client’s autonomy and preferences. It is important to respect the client’s choices while providing evidence-based guidance.
B. Advising the client about "good" versus "bad" therapies can be subjective and may not provide the comprehensive information the client needs. Instead, focus should be on evidence-based information.
C. Educating the client about therapies that they are using or interested in ensures they are informed about potential benefits, risks, and interactions with conventional treatments. This approach supports informed decision-making and safe use of complementary and alternative therapies.
D. Recommending herbal remedies is outside the scope of the nurse's role unless there is clear evidence-based information to support such recommendations. Nurses should focus on providing education rather than specific recommendations.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. A change in employment status can significantly impact family roles, finances, and emotional dynamics.
B. Coping with a chronic medical condition affects family routines, emotional health, and caregiving responsibilities.
C. Daily activities of living typically do not cause significant alterations in family dynamics unless they are part of a larger issue.
D. The addition of a new family member can alter family roles, dynamics, and relationships significantly.
E. A crisis affecting a family member can dramatically change family dynamics due to emotional stress and shifts in responsibilities.